N.I. Dobrotvorskaya, V.K. Kalichkin, O.L. Sorokina
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Summary. Grain yields in Western Siberia depend largely on the character of moisture supply and temperature regime of vegetation period, its considerable variability results in its strong variation. Grain quality is determined by the gluten content, which depends largely on the level of nitrogen nutrition, as well as determined by the conditions of the year. The aim of this study was to determine optimal combination of weather conditions to achieve high yield at an elevated grain quality. The experiment was conducted on leached chernozem in the plakor plot of Novosibirsk Ob region in 2007-2012. The studied culture is spring wheat Novosibirskaya 29. The experimental setup consisted of the following options: control (no fertilizer), a variant of fertilizer N60P30, and variant with fertilizers N120P60 (based on the yield of 4.0 t / ha). With the current high demands for quality of grain assessment moisture and temperature conditions in the first half of the growing season (May-July SCC) is not sufficient. It is necessary to use assessment the conditions in the second half of the growing season. The use of fertilizers increases the range of favorable moisture and temperature conditions, as to increase the yield of spring wheat, as to improve the quality of grain. The optimal combination of conditions during the growing season, providing obtaining a high yield with high grain quality is the value of the SCC in May-July of 1.0...1,49 and SCC in July-August in the range of 0,63...1,21.
Keywords: spring wheat yield, gluten, growing season weather conditions, hydrothermal coefficient, mineral nutrition.