О.I. Prosyannikova, V.I. Prosyannikov
Center of Agrochemical Service “Kemerovsky”, Russia, Kemerovo region, Kemerovo district, Novostrojka, Tsentralnaya st., 15
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Summary. Kemerovo region is located at the turn of Western and Eastern Siberia; the special feature of the arrangement of mountain systems leads to the formation of azonal climate in the region and complex alternation of steppe, forest-steppe and taiga landscapes. The working industrial enterprises cause ecological stress on soil and plant cover. In arable land under the influence of anthropogenic stress the acidity increases, the content of mobile phosphorus and exchange potassium decreases, however their fertility remains at the high level: humus content is high, content of K2O is from increased to high, the content of P2O5 is from medium to high. The areas of arable lands with unsatisfactory ecological situation in the total content of cadmium, nickel, zinc and lead were marked. The portion of soils with moderately dangerous category of pollution and unsatisfactory ecological situation on the total content of cadmium is 29 %, for nickel this value is 10 %. The low provision of crops with microelements is revealed over the predominant area. For the cultures with increased carry-over the low provision with Zn is revealed on 91 % of arable lands, for Cu and Co this value is 38 and 7.5 %; for cultures with high carry-over the low provision with Zn and Cu is revealed for 100 % of arable lands, for Co and Mn this value is 56 and 11.3 %. In the crop rotation green manure fallow – wheat – barley – oats in the “island” forest-steppe the optimal doses of mineral fertilizers before the first culture on leached middle-humic black soils is N60…80P80…100K50, of organic-mineral fertilizers (OMF) – N50P90K40; under conditions of Mariinsk-Achinsk forest-steppe on dark grey forest soils the best effect is provided by OMF at the dose of N50P80K50. At that the productivity of crop rotation reached 8.7…10.0, 12.1…12.3 and 10.1…10.3 t of grain units per a hectare.
Keywords: soil, arable land, mobile phosphorus, exchange potassium, acidity of soils, humus, heavy metals, microelements, mineral, organic-mineral and micro-fertilizers.