I.I. Gureev
All-Russian Research Institute on Soil Management and Erosion Protection, 305021, Russia, Kursk, Karl Marx Street 70-B
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Summary. In connection with the intensification of agriculture increases the number of passes of heavy agricultural machinery on the field and compacted soil. Especially pliable sealing clay and loam soils with high humidity. Therefore, the efficiency of agricultural machinery should be evaluated not only economic criteria, but also environmental criteria – the level of impact of cars on the ground. Cost-effectiveness of using the technique to determine the reduced costs. Evaluation load on the ground must be integrated. It must take into account all the mechanical load on the ground after the work cycle of production of culture. Methodology of such an assessment is not. The load on the ground in a known manner determined locally. That’s a load in the treated areas of fields, in the wake of undercarriage units, etc. This makes it difficult objective assessment of environmental soundness machine complexes. Recommended integral criterion of mechanical load on the ground. Determine the relation of the sum of its units to perform techniques to the area of the treated field. Calculations of ecological and economic indicators of domestic and imported equipment. The calculations are performed for the comprehensive mechanization of agricultural technologies of crop production Central Black Earth region. Comparative assessment of the environmental benefits identified imported equipment – decrease of 1,3…1,6 times the integral load on the ground while performing work. Economic efficiency more attractive domestic appliances. These costs for its operation of 21…55 % lower. The results obtained allow to orient crop producers for the purchase of domestic or imported machinery. In this case should come from the fields of soil properties and their own financial solvency.
Keywords: agricultural machinery, import cars, ecology, economic efficiency, agrotechnology, soil density, reduced expenditures.