V.G. Loshakov
D.N. Pryanishnikov All-Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Chemistry, ul. Pryanishnikova, 31A, Moskva, 127550, Russian Federation
Summary. The article presents the role of D.N. Pryanishnikov in the development of scientific agronomy in our country, its large contribution to the improvement of the theory and practice of agriculture and crop production. Relative to the agriculture of Non-chernozem Zone it is possible to distinguish four directions of research and development activity of D.N. Pryanishnikov, which have the development in the work of his students and followers and were introduced in the practice of modern agriculture: sowing of clover and crop rotation farming; the theory on crop rotations; sowing of lupine and use of biological nitrogen; grain specialization. The realization of the principles of crop rotation with the highest levels of chemicalization of the agriculture in Non-chernozem Zone and other regions of our country provides an increase in the productivity of the main crops on the average 1.5-1.7 times, which confirms their stability. Crop rotations, recommended by D.N. Pryanishnikov, became the basis of the biologization and ecologization of agriculture in the modern agro-landscape systems of farming. Their elaboration taking into account the compatibility and self-compatibility of crops became the further stage in the development of Pryanishnikov’s theory about crop rotations. The ideas of lupine sowing went forward in the wide use of an intermediate green fertilizer in the combination with straw. Against the background of mineral fertilizers it is the economically advantageous method, which can be considered as valuable replacement to the introduction of manure, the application of which in the modern agriculture reduced 4-5 times. The embedding of green manure with straw equalizes the effectiveness of the special grain crop rotation with succession cropping. Due to the wide use of chemical means in the agriculture in 1980th in the Non-chernozem Zone the dream of D.N. Pryanishnikov was realized – 1billion of poods of grain was grown.
Keywords: agronomy, particular and general agriculture, crop rotation, farming system, crop rotation, field fodder-grass cultivation, green manure, intermediate crops, clover, lupine, soil fertility, yield.
Author Details: V.G. Loshakov, D. Sc. (Agr.), research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.)
For citation: Loshakov V.G. Value of Scientifically-Agricultural Heritage of D.N. Pryanishnikov in the Development of Agriculture in the Nonchernozem Zone. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2015. V.29. No 11. Pp. 17-21 (In Russ.)