N.I. Kashevarov, A.G. Tyuryukov, G.M. Osipova
Siberian Research Institute of Feedstuff, Krasnoobsk, Novosibirskiy r-n, Novosibirskaya obl., 630501, Russian Federation
Summary. The investigation was carried out to study the yield of awnless brome (Bromopsis inermis Leyss. Holub.) under different climatic zones of Siberia: the forest¬steppe of the Western Siberia (1994¬1996, 1995¬1997), the tundra of Polar Yamal (2011¬2013) and taiga of the Eastern Siberia (1992¬1994). The yield of dry matter of awnless brome in tundra (2.51 t/ha) was significantly lower than in forest-steppe (6.14 t/ha) and taiga (5.67 t/ha). Under conditions of foreststeppe of the Western Siberia and tundra of Polar Yamal it reduced since the third year of life, and in taiga of the Eastern Siberia – since the second year. The maximum seed yield of awnless brome in the foreststeppe of the Western Siberia (0.65 t/ha) and taiga of the Eastern Siberia (0.46 t/ha) was registered in the second year of life of the herbage. In the subsequent years it decreases. Generative shoots in the tundra of Polar Yamal were formed only in the third year of herbage life. Their flowering occurs on August 8-10, even in the most favorable for heat supply 2013 year. Under the conditions of the subarctic climate of the Polar Yamal the seeds of awnless brome did not have time to ripen. The approaches to the effective use of the limited resources of the northern climate were outlined: studying of the gene pool of awnless brome from regions with extreme conditions of growth and development of the technology of its cultivation, taking into account soil and climatic features of the zone and the biological characteristics of the culture.
Keywords: awnless brome, yield, dry matter, seeds, foreststeppe of the Western Siberia, taiga of the Eastern Siberia, tundra of Polar Yamal.
Author Details: N.I. Kashevarov, D. Sc. (Agr.), member of the RAS, director (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); A.G. Tyuryukov, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), head of laboratory; G.M. Osipova, D. Sc. (Agr.), chief research fellow.
For citation: Kashevarov N.I., Tyuryukov A.G., Osipova G.M. Productivity of Awnless Brome under Different Climatic Zones of Siberia. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2015. Vol. 29. No. 11. Pp. 81-83 (In Russ)