O.G. Chuyan
All-Russian Research Institute of Arable Farming and Soil Erosion Control, ul. Karla Marksa, 70b, Kursk, 305021, Russian Federation
Summary. An improved algorithm for calculating crop requirements for nutrients and mineral fertilizer rates is developed. It is based on the analysis of scientific literature, calculation methods of the requirements and rates of mineral fertilizers, and also the results of the author’s own studies on experimental and production evaluation of the efficiency of mineral fertilizer application. Notions of a limiting character of the influence of uncontrolled factors which determine the dynamics of crop yield growth under the influence of the increasing rates of mineral fertilizers are taken as a basis of evaluating fertilizer efficiency. It is found out that the recoupment of mineral fertilizers for different crops and under different conditions is closely connected with the values of specific biologic removal and the value of limited yield which is of a local character in each case. An outline of intercommunication of the effect of complete fertilizer rates with the levels of resource yields is determined. An algorithm of determining the requirements and calculating the rates of mineral fertilizers differentiated by the conditions is proposed. Optimization of nutrients correlation in a complete fertilizer is carried out considering the level of their supplies in the soil. Fertilizer rate calculation is carried out considering different optimization criteria: on a basis of estimated yield (yield gain), given agronomic fertilizer recoupment, maximum net profit of fertilizer application, and a given level of the return of nutrients depending on soil fertility. The proposed approaches allow applying different schemes of planning efficient yield levels and to improve information data base essential for designing and realizing the system of mineral fertilizer application in adaptive landscape agriculture of Central Chernozem Area.
Keywords: optimal rates, mineral fertilizers, crops, productivity levels, removal standards, agronomic recoupment, data bases, adaptive landscape agriculture.
Author Details: O.G. Chuyan, D. Sc. (Biol.), head of laboratory (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.)
For citation: Chuyan O.G. On the Problem of Determination of the Optimal Rates of Mineral Fertilizers for Data Base Improvement at Designing and Realizing of the Fertilizer System in Adaptive Landscape Agriculture. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2015. Vol. 29. No 12. Pp. 70-75 (in Russ.).