O.U. Timoshkina, O.A. Timoshkin, V.V. Dem´yanovskikh
Penza Research Institute of Agriculture, ul. Michurina, 1B, r.p. Lunino, 442731, Russian Federation
Summary. The article presents the results of investigations, carried out in a two-factor experiment in 2010-2013 at the experimental field of the Penza Research Institute of Agriculture to study the influence of elements of cultivation technologies (nutrition conditions for plants and seeding rates) on seed yield and cost-performance of cultivation of Melilotus hirsutus cv. Solnyshko for seeds. The test design included the following variants for the nutrition background: without fertilizers (control), inoculation of seeds by rhizotorphin (background), background + K55 (for the planned yield of dry matter 7 t/ha), background + N40K135 (for the planned yield of dry matter 9 t/ha); and for the seeding rates: 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 million of germinable seeds per one hectare. The studies were carried out on leached middle loamy chernozem, with high contents of available forms of macronutrients. Melilot provides a high yield of seeds in different on meteorological condition years (2010, 2011, 2013). In the control variant, it was 1123, 572, 1020 kg/ha, at the average over three years – 905 kg/ha. It was revealed an advantage of the combined application of active strains of nodule bacteria for seed inoculation (bacterial background) and application of mineral fertilizers for the planned yield of dry matter 7 t/ha with the seeding rate 8 million of germinable seeds per one hectare against the background of seed inoculation; the harvest in these variants averaged 1153 and 1203 kg/ha. The studied cultivation techniques for Melilotus hirsutus showed high cost-performance: qualified net income in the best variants was 71,860-81,990 rub./ha, the prime cost of 1 ton of seeds was 10,950-11,140 rub., break-even level was 528-539%. The optimum activities were registered against the background of seed inoculation by rhizotorphin and seeding rate 8 million germinable seeds per 1 hectare.
Keywords: melilot, fertilizers, seeding rate, yield of seeds, efficiency, efficiency, profitability.
Author Details: O.U. Timoshkina, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), senior research fellow; O.A. Timoshkin, D. Sc. (Agr.), head of division (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); V.V. Dem´yanovskikh, applicant.
For citation: Timoshkina O.U., Timoshkin O.A., Dem´yanovskikh V.V. Productivity and Efficiency of Cultivation of Biennial Melilot for Seeds. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2016. V.30. No. 10. Pp. 97-100 (in Russ.).