M.M. Saidov, G.A. Novikova, E.M. Molchanova
Center of Chemicalization and Agricultural Radiology “Tulsky”, ul. Oboronnaya, 93, Tula, 300045, Russian Federation
Summary. The article contains a brief characteristic of soil cover and agroclimatic conditions of Tula region. The modern state of soils in the region is analyzed. The analysis of dynamics of average weighted values of soil fertility characteristics of the finished cycles over a period of 1966-2015 revealed their dependence on the level of application of chemicalization means. The maximum average annual volume of organic fertilizers was in 1981-1985, it was equal to 643,800 t. The highest level of application of mineral fertilizers was noted in 1986-1990, the average annual volume was 245,000 t. At this time the highest volumes of liming of acid soils and of phosphorite application were observed: 182,900 ha and 67,000 ha, respectively. Such measures succeeded in a significant increase in the weighted average values of characteristics of soil fertility: P2O5 – up to 145.3 mg/kg (1995-1999), K2O – up to 138.1 mg/kg (1991-1994), pH – up to 5.6 (1995-1999). The weighted average content of organic matter over the whole period of investigation was stable – 4.8 %. The drastic reduction of application of agrochemical fertilizers and ameliorants led to the deterioration of fertility of agricultural lands. According to the provision with humus, 435,200 ha (68.5 % of the surveyed area) related to the low- and medium-humic ones, with the weighted average content of humus of 4.8 %. The area of soils with the low and medium content of mobile phosphorus (P2O5) is 249,900 ha (39.3 % of the surveyed area), the weighted average content of it is 130.5 mg/kg. The area of soils with the low and medium content of exchange potassium (K2O) is 279,700 ha (44.0 % of the surveyed area), the weighted average content of it is 133.3 mg/kg. The soil with the total area of 479,500 ha (75.5 % of the surveyed area) requires liming; the weighted average acidity is 5.3. The area of acid and low-phosphoric soils that require a complex agrochemical improvement is 171,100 ha (26.9 % of the surveyed area).
Keywords: agrochemical monitoring, soil fertility, dynamics of the weighted average values of fertility characteristics, balances of nutrients, efficacy of application of chemicalization means, yield, Tula region.
Author Details: M.M. Saidov, director (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); G.A. Novikova, head of division; E.M. Molchanova, chief agrochemist.
For citation: Saidov M.M., Novikova G.A., Molchanova E.M. Agrochemical Monitoring of Agricultural Lands in Tula Region. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2016. V.30. No. 12. Pp. 51-55 (in Russ.).