A.G. Krasnoperov, N.I. Buyankin
Kaliningrad Agricultural Research Institute, per. Molodezhnyi, 9, pos. Slavyanskoe, Polesskii r-n, Kaliningradskaya obl., 238651, Russian Federation
Abstract. The studies were carried out in the field of Kaliningrad Agricultural Research Institute in 2013–2016. In four- and five-field crop rotations single-species and mixed crops of cereals and legumes were sown. The field germination of single-species and mixed crops averaged 82.5–90.4 % during the period of the research. At the same time, the germinating capacity of legumes in the mixtures was 1.7–7.5 % less than in single-species crops. The survival rate of legumes in mixed crops also tended to a decrease, in comparison with the pure cultures (by 2.1–7.6 %). And the safety, on the contrary, in mixed crops tended to an increase (by 0.3–1.8 %). Productive bushiness in the variants of mixed crops with winter triticale and winter vetch was higher by 21–33 productive stems per square meter in comparison with the single-species cereal crop, which corresponds to the coefficient 2.5 (versus 1.6) and can serve as a reserve for harvesting under unfavorable winter conditions. The tendency to the increase in the mass of 1000 grains of winter triticale in joint crops with winter vetch was revealed. In 2013–2015 the mass of 1000 grains of winter triticale ‘Tornado’ was higher by 3 % (1.4 g) in comparison with the pure crop. The contamination of seeds with the main diseases in mixed crops decreased two and more times, in comparison with the contamination of seeds in pure crops. In order to avoid mass contamination with the main weeds, it is necessary to use well-cultivated fields with late-summer treatment with glyphosate-containing herbicides of continuous action.
Keywords: phytosanitary monitoring, mixed crops, winter and summer legume and cereal crops.
Author Details: A.G. Krasnoperov, D. Sc. (Agr.), assoc. prof., deputy director (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); N.I. Buyankin D. Sc. (Agr.), chief research fellow.
For citation: Krasnoperov A.G., Buyankin N.I. Phytosanitary Regulation in Mixed Legume-Cereal Crops of Kaliningrad Region. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2017. Vol. 31. No. 7. Pp. 52-54 (in Russ.).