P.A. Chekmarev1, M.I. Mametov2, N.V. Semenova2
1Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation, Orlikov per., 1/11, Moskva, 107139, Russian Federation
2Station of Agrochemical Service “Al’met’evskaya”, ul. M. Dzhalilya,11, Al’met’evsk, 423450, Russian Federation
Abstract. The article presents the results of an agrochemical survey of arable lands of the trans-Kama region of the Republic of Tatarstan over the period of 1965–2016. An analysis of weighted average values of parameters of soil fertility indicates their dependence on the level of application of chemicalization means. The maximal amount of mineral fertilizers per hectare of arable land was applied in 1991–1995 (115 kg of active substance), of organic fertilizers – in 1986–1990 (5.7 tons). In the same years, the maximal volumes of soil liming and phosphorite application were observed – 131,100 and 24,600 ha. Due to such measures it was possible to decrease the area of acid soils by 6,500 ha (1997–2001), to increase the average weighted content of phosphorus up to 128 mg/kg (1997–2001), of potassium – up to 135 mg/kg (1992–1996), of humus – up to 5.9 % (1992–1996). The sharp reduction of the application of chemicalization means in 1996 led to the deterioration of arable lands of the trans-Kama region of the Republic of Tatarstan. The area of acid soils raised up to 35,700 ha, the content of mobile forms of phosphorus reduced to 126 mg/kg, of potassium – to 127 mg/kg; the content of humus decreased to 5.8 %. It was managed to stop the degradation of soils by the increase in the saturation of arable land by mineral fertilizers up to 70.8 kg of active substance per hectare and by application of biological organic fertilizers in 2006–2010. However, under modern conditions, the reproduction of fertility is not provided due to the disparity of prices for agricultural products and chemicalization means.
Keywords: soil fertility, agrochemical monitoring, humus, mobile phosphorus, exchange potassium, acidity, trace elements, liming, balance of nutrients, application of chemicalization means, weighted average index of fertility.
Author Details: P.A. Chekmarev, D. Sc. (Аgr.), member of the RAS, director of division; M.I. Mametov , director (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); N.V. Semenova, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), leading agrochemist.
For citation: Chekmarev P.A., Mametov M.I., Semenova N.V. Monitoring of Arable Land Fertility in the Trans-Kama Region of the Republic of Tatarstan. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2017. Vol. 31. No. 11. Pp. 9-16 (in Russ.).