B.D. Dokin, V.L. Martynova, O.V. Elkin
Siberian Research Institute of Mechanization and Electrification of Agriculture of the SFRCAB of the RAS, pos. Krasnoobsk, Novosibirskii r-n, Novosibirskaya obl., 630501, Russian Federation
Abstract. The article examines the questions of simulation the conditions of production in the agrolandscape zones of Siberia by means of model farms. The structure of machine and tractor fleet (MTF) was substantiated for each technology by looking through the variants of annual complexes of field work for the different types of commodity producer, built on a principally new basis. The alternative variants of technologies and engineering tools were substantiated depending on resource provision of agricultural commodity producers based on the comparative calculations of the MTF structure for various technologies and types of commodity producers. The calculations were carried out for the cultivation of cereals in a model farm of the forest-steppe zone of Novosibirsk region. If a commodity producer can spend on chemicalization means less than 100 rubles per hectare of grain crops, and the number of machine-operators is 3.5-4.0 persons per 1000 ha of grain crops, he should choose an extensive technology for cultivation of grain crops. If a commodity producer has the financial resources for fertilizers and chemicalization means (herbicides and pesticides) at the rate of 1500-1800 rubles per a hectare of grain crops, and the number of machine-operators is 2.4-3.0 persons per 1000 ha of grain crops, it will expedient to use a standard technology. With the values of the mentioned indices of 3500-3700 RUB/ha and 2.4-3.0 persons/1000 ha, respectively, the possibilities are opened up for the realization of intensive technologies on the base of plowing. If these indicators are 3500-3700 RUB/ha and 2.1 persons/1000 ha, respectively, it will be better to choose a resource-saving technology based on minimum tillage.
Keywords: technology, yield, structure of machine and tractor fleet, operating costs, choice criteria.
Author Details: B.D. Dokin, D. Sc. (Tech.), chief research fellow (e-mail: sibime @ngs.ru); V.L. Martynova, Cand. Sc. (Tech.), leading research fellow; O.V. Elkin Cand. Sc. (Tech.), senior research fellow.
For citation: Dokin B.D., Martynova V.L., Elkin O.V. Substantiation of the Technological and Technical Support of the Output of Products of Plant Growing in Siberia. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2017. Vol. 31. No. 3. Pp. 39-40 (in Russ.).