ESTIMATION OF QUALITY OF OILSEEDS OF CABBAGE CULTURES UNDER CONDITIONS OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION

A. N. Kshnikatkina¹, T. Ya. Prahova², A. P. Krylov¹, A. A. Galiullin^1
1Penza State Agrarian University ul. Botanicheskaya, 30, Penza, 440014, Russian Federation
²Penza Research Institute of Agriculture, ul. Michurina, 1B, r.p. Lunino, Penzenskaya obl., 442731, Russian Federation

Abstract. Oil content and fatty-acid composition of seeds of cabbage cultures, grown under conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Volga region, was determined. The main components of their fatty-acid composition are linolenic, linoleic, eicosenic and oleic acids. The contents erucic acid in the cultures varies from 0.03 to 59.53%. Seeds of Crambe abyssinica had the most oil content – 45.6% that exceeded all other cultures by 4.4–11.1%. The content of fat in white mustard and oil radish was on the same level and was 32.9 and 34.5%. The high concentration of oleic acid (54.99–64.25%) and low content of erucic acid (0.03–0.65%) in oilseeds of rape and winter cress characterizes their suitability mainly for food purposes. The content of oleic and erucic acids at the level of 13.69–14.37% and 2.98–3.34%, as well as the high content of linoleic (15.58–18.16%) and linolenic (35.60–37.23%) acids allows to use the oil of false flax for food and technical purposes. The oil of crambe, white mustard, and oil radish oil, due to the high content of erucic acids (18.01–59.53%), can be used for technical purposes, for production of biodiesel. The ratio of C18:2 to C18:1 acids averages 2.5:1 in spring and winter rape; the ratio of omega-6 (linoleic) to omega-3 (linolenic) acids are 1:2.5 for winter and spring false flax, which corresponds to the recommended ratio of the acids for food oils. The correlation analysis revealed the positive correlation between oil content of seeds with the content of oleic acid (r = 0.71) and the weak correlations with the content of linoleic (r = 0.12) and linolenic acid (r = 0.18). The correlation of the oil content with the content of erucic acid was negative (r = -0.34). Due to the possibility of multifunctional use, oil cabbage cultures are perspective for cultivation under the conditions of the Middle Volga region.

Keywords: cabbage cultures; oil content; fatty-acid composition; linoleic, oleic, erucic acids.

Author Details: A. N. Kshnikatkina, D. Sc. (Agr.), prof. (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); T. Ya. Prahova, D. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); A. P. Krylov, post graduate student; A. A. Galiullin, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), deputy dean.

For citation: Kshnikatkina A. N., Prahova T. Ya., Krylov A. P., Galiullin A. A. Estimation of Quality of Oilseeds of Cabbage Cultures under Conditions of the Middle Volga Region. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2018. Vol. 32. No. 4. Pp. 41-43 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2018-10409.