A. N. Voronin, V. D. Solonichenko, V. V. Nikitin
Belgorod Federal Agrarian Scientific Center of the RAS, ul. Oktyabr’skaya, 58, Belgorod, 308001, Russian Federation
Abstract. In a long-term field experiment, organized in 1987, the influence of tillage methods and application of organic and mineral fertilizers on the productivity of sainfoin were studied in a grain-grass-row crop rotation in the forest-steppe zone of the Central Chernozem region. It was revealed the maximum productivity of sainfoin depending on the duration of its use (the 1st and the 2nd year of use), a method of soil cultivation and application of fertilizers; temporal trends of productivity in connection with the studied resources were made. The growth of the sainfoin yield in the first rotation (1990–1994) was clear. The yield increase from the application of mineral fertilizers (diammonium phosphate N10P26K26) in a single dose (N50P130K130) for barley with sainfoin undersowing was 0.6–1.14 t/ha in comparison with the absolute control. On average it was 0.91 t/ha. The yield increase from the double dose was 1.39 t/ha. The maximum result of sainfoin of the first year of use was obtained in the first rotation with application of the double dose of mineral fertilizers (N100P260K260) against a background of after-effect of 80 t/ha of manure, the yield was 9.37 t/ha. Yields of sainfoin of the 1st year of use over 1-4 rotations of the crop rotation decreased 1.5 times approximately in arid years. The culture reacted better to minimal processing than to ploughing and nonmoldboard treatment. In general, the grasses of the second year of use had a lower yield, within the limits of 25–35%. The differences between the variants with different tillage methods did not go beyond an experimental error, and in the forth rotation sainfoin productivity was almost the same for all three methods of soil treatments.
Keywords: sainfoin yield; fertilizer efficiency; soil treatment method.
Author Details: A. N. Voronin, D. Sc. (Agr.), deputy director; V. D. Solonichenko, D. Sc. (Agr.), head of laboratory (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); V. V. Nikitin, D. Sc. (Agr.), chief research fellow.
For citation: Voronin A. N., Solonichenko V. D., Nikitin V. V. Reaction of Sainfoin to Different Ways of Tillage and the Level of Chemicalization. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2018. Vol. 32. No. 6. Pp. 18-20 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2018-10604.