O. V. Kostyunina, M. S. Fornara, N. V. Bardukov, T. V. Karpushkina, N. A. Zinovieva
Federal Scientific Center of Animal Husbandry – L.K. Ernst All-Russian Research Institute of Animal Husbandry, pos. Dubrovitsy, 60, Podol‘skii r-n, Moskovskaya obl., 142132, Russian Federation
Abstract. The authors investigated the distribution of mutations in genes RYR1, DMD, ECR F18/FUT1 and MUC 4, associated with a sensibility to stresses and colibacteriosis, in pigs. During the period from 2005 to 2018, the material for the experiment was tissue samples (ear notch) from the DNA-collection of the All-Russian Research Institute for Animal Husbandry. Polymorphism of RYR1 and DMD genes was studied on a total population of Large White and Yorkshire pig breeds (1346 and 498 heads, respectively), Landrace (1131 and 1248 heads), Duroc (408 and 178 heads) and Pietren (155 and 80 heads). Polymorphism of ECR F18/FUT1 and MUC4 DNA markers was studied in populations of Large White and Yorkshire breeds (886 and 1205 animals, respectively), Landrace (566 and 288 heads), Duroc (436 and 159 heads). The genotyping was performed using the test-systems developed in the institute. Screening for RYR1 showed the highest frequency of n allele in Pietren breed with the average value for this breed of 0.190. This allele determines the sensitivity to stresses. In Landrace, Duroc and Large White breeds the frequencies of n allele were 0.011, 0.015 and 0.011, respectively. Carriers of the T allele of DMD gene, associated with stress susceptibility, were found only in Landrace with the frequency of 0.118. G allele of ECR F18/FUT1 gene, which is associated with the sensitivity to post-weaning diarrhea, was the most frequent in all of the studied pig breeds (0.689–0.782). The undesirable allele G of MUC4 gene was found with the average frequency of 0.082–0.326. The use of DNA diagnostics of genes, which are associated with resistance of pigs to stresses and diseases, can contribute to reducing the incidence of colibacteriosis and eliminating carriers of stress-sensitive alleles in breeding programs.
Keywords: pigs; DNA marker; stress resistance; rhyanodine receptor; dystrophin; Large White; Landrace; Duroc; Pietren; colibacteriosis.
Author Details: O. V. Kostyunina, D. Sc. (Biol.), head of laboratory (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); M. S. Fornara, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), senior research fellow; N. V. Bardukov, junior research fellow; T. V. Karpushkina, research fellow; N. A. Zinovieva, D. Sc. (Biol.), member of the RAS, director.
For citation: Kostyunina O. V., Fornara M. S., Bardukov N. V., Karpushkina T. V., Zinovieva N. A. Genetic Resistance of Pigs to Stresses and Colibacteriosis. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2018. Vol. 32. No. 6. Pp. 53-55 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2018-10613.