А. G. Donetskikh
Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, ul. Timiryazevskaya, 49, Moskva, 127550, Russian Federation
Abstract. The wide use of the Hereford, Aberdeen-Angus and Simmental breeds in Russia is aimed at beef production increase and its quality improvement. The productivity and biological features of these breeds were studied under the conditions of the central non-chernozem zone of Russia. The experimental part of the work was performed in 2012–2016. For the fattening experiment bull-calves aged 6 to 15 months were selected. The animals were held in a ground run. Each group comprised 10 animals, which received identical home-made feeding according to the detailed feeding norms and rations for young animals; feeding type was silage hay. At 15 months, the live weight of Simmental, Aberdeen-Angus and Hereford cattle was 451.2 kg, 478.2 kg and 504.3 kg respectively, average daily weight gain from the age of 6 to 15 month was 1053.8 g, 1111.2 g and 1166.9 g. The Herefords, compared with the Simmentals and Aberdeen-Anguses, were characterized by the average daily increase by 113.1 g and 55.7 g respectively. The slaughter yield was 61.1%, 64.6% and 63.4% respectively. The highest yield was obtained from slaughtered calves of Aberdeen Angus breed; it was higher by 3.5% and 1.2% than that of Hereford and Simmental breeds, respectively. In the meat of Simmental cattle, the fat content (9.5%), as compared with Aberdeen-Anguses and Herefords, was by 4.9% and 3.0% less. In the case of fattening the calves of the Simmental, Aberdeen-Angus and Hereford breeds, the cost of 1 kg of the live weight gain was 111.4, 105.2 and 99.7 rubles respectively, the profit from the sale of 1 kg of body weight was 7.8, 13.5 and 18.5 rubles, slaughter profitability was 7.0, 12.2 and 16.7%.
Keywords: productivity; biological features; Simmental breed; Aberdeen-Angus breed; Hereford breed; growth and development; slaughter yield; chemical composition of beef.
Author Details: А.G. Donetskikh, post graduate student (е-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.).
For citation: Donetskikh А. G. Productivity and Biological Features of Simmental, Aberdeen-Angus and Hereford Cattle Breeds. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2019. Vol. 33. No. 4. Pp. 74–76 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2018-10419.