A. A. Kutuzova, D. M. Teberdiyev, A. V. Rodionova, N. V. Zhezmer, E. E. Provornaja, K. N. Privalova, S. A. Zapivalov
V. R. Williams Federal Scientific Center of Fodder Production and Agroecology , Nauchnyi gorodok, k. 1, Lobnya, Moskovskaya obl., 141055, Russian Federation
Abstract. We made an economic assessment of systems and advanced technologies for the production of bulky feeds on seeded hayfields using the methods approved by the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences (1995) taking into account the requirements of a market economy. In the system of intensive technologies, the production of 2,900–4,300 feed units/ha provided an increase in the conditionally net income (from 17,900 to 25,000 rubles/ha) and high profitability of production (94–251%) in long-term (72 years) grass stands for the last 26 years. Extensive systems with the productivity of 1,800–2,700 feed units/ha are also cost-effective and can be used in the agriculture to save the soil from degradation under conditions of limited resources. In the case of application of the cutting conveyor system on grass stands during the early and middle stages the total costs were fully recovered in the first 2 years of life. In the next period (3–25 years of life), the average annual cost of cultivation and use at 2 cuttings was 17,700–21,000 rubles/ha; at 3 cuttings it was 26,600–27,600 rubles/ha; production profitability amounted to 123–128% and 100–121% respectively; productivity was 3,600–4,300 and 4,800–5,600 feed units/ha. The prime cost of feed was 2.0–2.3 times lower than the prevailing prices for feed oats. The evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of the technologies application in the case of alfalfa and cereal grass stands with the productivity of 4,200–4,500 feed units/ha showed a decrease in average annual costs due to the presence of a biological nitrogen source, compared to the cereal hayfields, by 24–28%. The cost of 100 feed units was 380–390 and 480 rubles, respectively. In connection with a significant area of natural hayfields needing improvement, the main direction of solving this task should be the creation of long-standing self-restoring grass stands that will reduce the need for additional costs for their reseeding.
Keywords: haymaking system; two- and three-cuts use; cereal and legume-cereal grass stands; capital investments; annual production costs; feed prime cost; production profitability.
Author Details: A. A. Kutuzova, D. Sc. (Agr.), chief research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); D. M. Teberdiyev, D. Sc. (Agr.), head of laboratory; A. V. Rodionova, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow; N. V. Zhezmer, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow; E. E. Provornaja, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow; K. N. Privalova, D. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow; S. A. Zapivalov, junior research fellow.
For citation: Kutuzova A. A., Teberdiyev D. M., Rodionova A.V., Zhezmer N. V., Provornaja E. E., Privalova, K. N., Zapivalov S. A. Cost-Effectiveness of Systems and Advanced Technologies for the Production of Bulky Feeds on Hayfields. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2019. Vol. 33. No. 6. Pp. 44–50 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2019-10611.