A. M. Gindemit., Yu. V. Aksenova
Stolypin Omsk State Agrarian University, Institutskaya pl., 1, Omsk, 644008, Russian Federation
Abstract. The purpose of the studies was to assess the soil fertility of the agricultural landscapes in the southern forest-steppe and the forest-outlier steppe of the Omsk Cis-Irtysh region using the cultivation index and a complex agrochemical indicator. The work was performed in 2019–2020 in the Omsk region. The objects of the study were arable land and pasture soils: chernozem-meadow, ordinary and southern ordinary and carbonate chernozems. The studied soils were characterized by a very low and low provision of nitrate nitrogen (1.95–9.26 mg/kg); with the use of fertilizers, it increased to medium and high (11.6–18.5 mg/kg). The phosphorus content in the overwhelming majority of the studied soils reached a very high level (94–390 mg/kg). The amount of potassium in non-carbonate soils varied from medium to very high (62–737 mg/kg); in the presence of carbonates, it varied from low to high (125–387 mg/kg) level. The provision of soils with humus was assessed according to the scale of gradation of arable soils in Russia, which showed that in the surveyed territory prevailed highly humus (5.06–5.35%) soils followed by medium humus soils (4.80–5.23%). The structural state of the arable soil layer of fallow fields was excellent and good – the proportion of agronomically valuable fractions in their aggregate composition was at the optimal (72.5–81.0%) or close to optimal (61.5–62.5%) level. Under crops the value of this indicator decreased to 43.7–47.2%, in pastures it decreased to 32% and corresponded to the critical level. The degree of soil cultivation varied from medium (0.72–0.78) to high (0.83–0.92). The complex agrochemical index varied from 47 to 81; a significant contribution to its value was made by the provision of soils with mobile potassium.
Keywords: structure; humus; phosphorus; potassium; nitrogen; fertility.
Author Details: A. M. Gindemit., Cand. Sc. (Biol.), assoc. prof. (е-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); Yu. V. Aksenova Cand. Sc. (Biol.), assoc. prof. (е-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.).
For citation: Gindemit AM, Aksenova YuV [Assessment of the fertility of agrogenic soils in arid regions of the Omsk Irtysh region]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2021;35(3):5-9. Russian. doi: 10.24411/0235-2451-2021-10301.