Ratio of starch, protein, and glycoalkaloids in potato tubers during the growing season

V. G. Goldshtein¹, V. A. Degtyarev¹, Kh. Kh. Apshev², V. A. Kovalenok¹, A.V. Semenova^1
1All-Russian Research Institute of Starch Products, branch of the Gorbatov Federal Science Center of Food Systems, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Nekrasova, 11, pos. Kraskovo, Lyuberetskii r-n, Moskovskaya obl., 140051, Russian Federation
²Lorkh Federal Research Center on Potato, ul. Lorkha, 23, pos. Kraskovo, Lyuberetskii r-n, Moskovskaya obl., 140051, Russian Federation

Abstract. The research aimed to study changes in the content of starch, protein, and glycoalkaloids in potato tubers during the growing season. The work was performed in 2020 under conditions of the Moscow region. We studied planting material and potato tubers during the growing season in 60, 70, 80, and 90 days after planting. The object of the research was 26 varieties bred in Russia and abroad from the collection of the All-Russian Research Institute of Potato Farming. We established the dependence of the relative variable of the mass fraction of starch on the duration of tuber growth for more than 70 days. Its use allowed predicting the starch content in potato based on the duration of the growing season, which lasted from 70 days to 90 days. The correlation coefficient between the mass fractions of starch and protein during the growing season was 0.73; for starch and glycoalkaloids, it was 0.61; for protein and glycoalkaloids, it was 0.63. We identified 10 potato varieties with a high mass fraction of starch (15.6–22.8% to the mass of raw potato) and protein (19.6–35.5% of dry matter of potato juice), recommended for processing into starch and by-products; five varieties with a high content of starch (15.6–17.9% to the mass of raw potato), protein (25.8–35.5% of dry matter of potato juice) with a mass fraction of glycoalkaloids less than 200 mg/kg of tubers, suitable for processing into potato products. Three varieties with a high mass fraction of protein (28.8–30.0% of dry matter of potato juice) and a low mass fraction of glycoalkaloids (131–165 mg/kg of raw potato mass) are recommended as source material for the breeding of table potato varieties.

Keywords: potato (Solanum tuberosum subsp. Tuberosum); starch; potato protein; glycoalkaloids; correlation.

Author Details: V. G. Goldstein, Cand. Sc. (Techn.), head of department (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); V. A. Degtyarev, senior research fellow; Kh. Kh. Apshev, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), head of laboratory; V. A. Kovalenok, D. Sc. (Techn.), leading research fellow; A. V. Semenova, junior research fellow.

For citation: Goldstein VG, Degtyarev VA, Apshev KhKh, et al. [Ratio of starch, protein, and glycoalkaloids in potato tubers during the growing season]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2021; 35 (10):72-7. Russian. doi: 10.53859/02352451_2021_35_10_72.