M. E. Mukhordova, I. A. Belan, L. P. Rosseeva
Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center, prosp. Koroleva, 26, Omsk, 644012, Russian Federation
Abstract. The studies aimed to identify genes for short stems, photoperiod neutrality, and resistance to leaf and stem rust in promising breeding lines and varieties of soft spring wheat using polymerase chain reaction (DNA markers). Material for the study was 11 varieties and 12 promising breeding lines of the Omsk Agricultural Scientific Centre. Field tests were carried out in 2019–2021. Screening with allele-specific markers of the Ppd-D1 gene did not reveal the dominant allele PpdD1a, which indicated that all the studied varieties and lines were sensitive to the photoperiod and favourable expression of economically useful traits was manifested in the long day conditions of the Omsk region. 2 varieties and 2 lines out of the analysed had two clusters of rust resistance genes (Lr26/Sr31 and Lr19/Sr25), 5 varieties and 2 lines of spring common wheat had one cluster (Sr31/Lr26). Medium-sized variety Omskaya 45 (Rht8a PpdD1b) with two resistance clusters (Lr26/Sr31 and Lr19/Sr25) was characterised by a yield of 5.6 t/ha. In the medium-sized breeding line Lutescens 258/11-1-2 (Rht8aPpdD1b), which carried the resistance genes Sr31 and Lr26, it averaged 5.43 t/ha over the years of the study. The calculation of the correlation of yield revealed a medium inverse conjugacy with the level of resistance to leaf rust (r=-0.59), strong (r=-0.80) – to stem rust. Multiple correlation analysis found that the yield of the studied set of variety samples mainly depends on the level of resistance to stem (55%) and brown (11%) rust.
Keywords: wheat (Triticum aestivum); resistance; pathogen; short stem; photoperiod; correlation; PCR method.
Author Details: M. E. Mukhordova, Сand. Sc. (Agr.), head of laboratory (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); I. A. Belan, Сand. Sc. (Agr.), head of laboratory; L. P. Rosseeva, Сand. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow.
For citation: Mukhordova ME, Belan IA, Rosseeva LP. [The use of molecular markers in the breeding of soft spring wheat at the Omsk Agricultural Scientific Centre]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2022;36(6):5-10. Russian. doi: 10.53859/02352451_2022_36_6_5.