V. G. Dzhavakhiya, N. V. Statsyuk, O. D. Mikityuk, T. M. Voinova, L. A. Shcherbakova
All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, ul. Institut, vl. 5, r.p. Bol’shie Vyazemy, Odintsovskii r-n, Moskovskaya obl.,143050, Russian Federation
Abstract. The studies aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the microbial metabolite 6-demethylmevinolin (6-DMM) as a blocker of the production of such mycotoxins as aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), zearalenone (ZEA) and deoxynivalenol (DON), by cultures of the corresponding toxigenic fungi Aspergillus flavus AF11, Fusarium culmorum M-01-50/3, F. graminearum FG-30. The experiments were performed in 2020-2021 at the All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology. Deep-liquid cultures of toxigenic fungi were grown in vitro on media with 6-DMM with subsequent assessment of the mycotoxins content in the culture medium. In parallel, the level of sporulation and pigmentation of the mycelium of the same cultures were determined in the presence of 6-DMM on an agar medium. Next, we tested the effectiveness of suppressing the biosynthesis of the studied mycotoxins in vivo during artificial infection of wheat grains treated with 6-DMM with cultures of toxigenic fungi by assessing the content of mycotoxins in the water extract of the grain. According to the obtained results, 6-DMM is able to block the synthesis of all three mycotoxins at low concentrations, which do not have a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of the fungi themselves. The range of inhibitory concentrations of 6-DMM varied from 7.5 (APB1) to 10 (DON) and 25 (ZEA) µg/ml; the level of production of toxins in these variants decreased, compared with the control, by 99.4; 98.07 and 98.63%, respectively. In addition, 6-DMM at a concentration of 8 µg/ml or more led to depigmentation of the mycelium, and at a concentration of more than 20–25 µg/ml, it completely suppressed sporulation in all three fungi, thus limiting their ability to reproduce and spread. Under in vivo conditions, the use of 6-DMM at concentrations of 25 and 50 µg/g of wheat grain reduced the level of AFB1 and DON production by 77.6 and 36.0% of the control, respectively, which indicates that 6-DMM is promising as a possible component of preparations for reducing the contamination of agricultural products with mycotoxins during the post-harvest period and during storage.
Keywords: mycotoxins; aflatoxin B1; zearalenone; deoxynivalenol; 6-demethylmevinolin; inhibition of biosynthesis; storage of agricultural products.
Author details: V. G. Dzhavakhiya, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), head of division; N. V. Statsyuk, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), senior research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); O. D. Mikityuk, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), senior research fellow; T. M. Voinova, senior research fellow; L. A. Shcherbakova, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), head of laboratory.
For citation: Dzhavakhiya VG, Statsyuk NV, Mikityuk OD, et al. [6-Demethylmevinolin as a blocker of the biosynthesis of aflatoxin B1, zearalenone and deoxynivalenol by toxigenic fungi-contaminants of agricultural products]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2022;36(8):97-102. Russian. doi: 10.53859/02352451_2022_36_8_97.