V.A. Butorin, I.B. Tsarev, D.V Butorin
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Summary. The reserve of spare elements is necessary for ensuring continuous work of distributive electric networks. It subdivided on a repair and emergency reserve. The repair reserve is necessary for carrying out planned repair serving works. The emergency reserve is necessary for elimination of accidents. Repair reserve makes proceeding from periodic technical inspections of electric networks. Also as well as number of crashes it is difficult to predict the size of an emergency reserve. In this regard there is a question of optimization of an emergency reserve of spare elements. The there is more the reliability of served objects is higher. But the excessive increase in an emergency reserve conducts to unfairly big costs of its delivery, physical storage and immobilization of money spent in spare elements unclaimed between deliveries. Reserve creation is now popular, being guided by theory оf inventory control, which proceeds from an economic optimality of the organization of system of purchases, delivery, storage of spare parts and elimination of consequences of possibly insufficient provision of consumers with the electric power. Thus the greatest difficulties are caused by the assessment of damage caused by insufficient provision of the consumer with the electric power because of accidents. The work purpose – to receive the analytical expression describing damage which is suffered by the enterprises for service of rural distributive networks in a case insufficient provision of consumers with the electric power, caused by the emergency reserve of spare elements deficiency. Using methods of theory оf inventory control and probability theory, analytical dependence of average annual damage, on intensity of demand for an emergency and repair reserve of spare elements, insufficient provision of consumers with the electric power within one hour, tariff on transferred on area networks the electric power, average time of elimination of accident at failure of an element of this nomenclature, time of emergency delivery of the failed element from the neighboring network areas if their quantity in a warehouse is exhausted is found. All magnitude necessary for calculation can be determined by data of electro technical service and accounting.
Keywords: rural distribution network, emergency reserve, undersupply of electricity, damage.