G.A. Haylis1, M.M. Kovalev2, L.A. Talakh3, V.V. Shevchuk1
1Ukrainian Research Institute of Forecasting and Test Equipment and Technologies for Agricultural Production named L.Pogorely
2All-Russian Research Institute for Mechanization of Flax Production
3Lutsk National Technical University
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Summary. The analysis of process of soil puncturing with needles of conical shape of acicular harrows and apparatus used for measuring of soil resistance during puncturing are discussed. Three cases of needles immersion to the soil are considered: insignificant immersion to the soil of a cone of a needle, immersion to the soil of a cone of a needle and immersion to the soil of a cone and cylindrical part of a needle. In the first two cases only the conical part of a needle goes deep, and in the second case all cone goes deep, and in the third case goes deep both a cone and cylindrical part. In the first two cases in a cone area of coverage the soil is rumpled, and in the third case in a needle area of coverage, resistance more owing to its friction concerning the soil is added. Theoretical and experimental studies of resistance overcome by needles during their immersion in the soil need in the considering of a depth of immersion of needles. Experimental determination of resistance at introduction to the soil of a conical needle is made by means of hardness gages for determination of hardness of the soil, by replacement in them a usual deformator on a cone, or on the deformator consisting of a cone and cylindrical part. The offered scheme of the upgraded hardness gage of the soil allows defining experimentally the resultant of forces of a working surface influence of a needle on the soil contacting to this surface.
Keywords: harrow, needle, soil, puncture, force, cone, apparatus.