N.Sh. Khisamutdinov, I.A. Yapparov, N.L. Sharonova, I.A. Degtereva, L.M-H. Bikkinina
Tatar Research Institute of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Agrarian Sciences
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Summary. The article analyzed the effect of different doses and methods of nanostructured aqueous phosphate suspension (NWPS) application for biological activity and agrochemical parameters of soil. In the phase of panicle formation the greatest activity observed in variants NWPS introduction into the soil at the rate 1,0 t-ha – 93,1 mg CO2 and preplant treatment of seeds with NWPS at 1,25 kg-t – 89,4 mg CO2, the growth compared with the background was 45,9% and 40,1 % respectively. Indicators of soil biological activity in a phase of milky-wax ripeness in variants NWPS increased by 48,0 % and 46,0% compared to the control, by 42,4% and 40,5% compared to background, by 13,9% and 12,4% compared to conventional grinding phosphorite respectively. The greatest increases in the mobile phosphorus content and potassium observed in the variant NWPS introduction into the soil at 1,0 t-ha: 14,6 % and 5,1% compared to background, 3,3% and 3,4% compared to conventional grinding phosphorite. At seed preplant treatment with NWPS potassium and phosphorus concentration were higher than the control by 6,1...10,2%, background – 2,5...7,7 %. Hydrolytic soil acidity decreased with increasing doses of NWPS in soil. In the variant with 1,0 t-ha this index was 3,2 mg-eq-100 g soil, with 0,1 t-ha – 3,3 mg-eq-100 g soil soil. While it decreased in comparison with the control, the background and the variants with conventional grinding phosphorite, which is associated with a significant melioration effect of phosphorite in nanostructured form. At introduction of conventional grinding phosphorite and NWPS into the soil in different doses pHkcl value increased to 5,8...5,9. In certain degree it was due to its neutralizing effect. In variants with a pre-treatment of seeds with NWPS this rate was 5,7...5,8. Soil application of conventional grinding phosphorite and nanostructured form increased the amount compared to the background 8,7…12,8%. The largest amount of absorbed bases was at incorporation NWPS into the soil at 1,0 t-ha – 24,7 mg-eq-100 g soil.
Keywords: phosphorus dust, nanostructured water phosphate suspension, application in soil, presowing treatment of seeds, soil biological activity, agrochemical parameters of soil.