I.N. Pronina, O.V. Matushkina, R.D. Isaev
All-Russian Research Institute on Horticulture named after I.V. Michurin
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Summary. The paper deals with characteristics of propagation in vitro of pear clonal rootstocks PG 2, PG 12, PG 17-16 bred at All-Russian Research Institute on Horticulture named after I.V. Michurin considered as a major stage in the system of production of certified planting material. Pear rootstock culturing in vitro and in vivo has revealed high level of their regenerative capacity. The pear rootstock PG 12 is characterized by higher morphogenetic potential. In two months of production in in vitro culture the number of produced clonal was by 3,5-7,0 times higher in comparison with other genotypes. For the first time for clonal micropropagation complex water-soluble substance is considered for using as a basic nutrient medium in combination with conventional Murasige-Skoog and Quarine-Lepuavre medium and its efficiency depends on genotypic plant characteristics. The given nutrient medium has no significant effect on the propagation coefficient of studied pear clonal rootstocks that varies in PG 2 from 5,5 up to 6,3 pieces-explant and PG 12 – from 8,4 up to 10,2 pieces-explant but provides increase of number of microshoots suitable for rooting by 22,5…44,2%. Microshoot culturing on the medium with complex water-soluble promotes acceleration of rhizogenesis induction by 1…2 weeks in all clonal rootstocks and especially in PG 17-16 that shows root formation already in 10 days and 93.3% of rooted microshoots while on Quarine-Lepuavre medium the given index can be achieved only in 4 weeks. Usage of the complex water-soluble has a positive aftereffect on establishment of pear plant-regenerates ex vitro resulting in increase at 7,1% (PG 17-16)…33,3 (PG 12) in comparison with Quarine-Lepuavre medium. Usage of plants propagated by in vitro method increased productivity of pear clonal rootstock mother bed in 1,1-1,4 times.
Keywords: pear, clonal rootstock, clonal micropropagation, nutrient media, mother bed, productivity.