I.I. Gabitov, S.G. Mudarisov, R.R. Ismagilov, I.G. Asylbaev, I.D. Gafurov, A.M. Ableeva
Bashkir State Agrarian University
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Summary. The article offers a number of scientifically proven recommendations to use farm machinery based on main crops cultivation technologies applied in the Republic of Bashkortostan that can have the highest effect on farm production adaptable for six soil and climatic zones of the region as well as resource capacities of farms. The comparative analysis of technical and economic indicators of machine-tractor units is carried out according to the general method of the Volga region’s Car Testing Station and standards of the American Society of Agricultural Engineers. Reasoning of a car type and technical requirements is made by expert as well as technical and economic assessments. Use of the recommended set of machinery as the developed machine system for grain crops cultivation based on the traditional technology allows to cut operating expenses and specific production costs per unit of production by 10%. Introduction of the minimum and zero grain crops technologies with the recommended set of machinery makes it possible to decrease operating expenses compared to the traditional technology by 40-55%.
Keywords: machine system, crop production technology, working costs, technical and economic data, soil and climatic zones, the republic of Bashkortostan.