V.Yu. Stupko, S.Yu. Lugovcova, N.V. Zobova
State Scientific Institution Krasnoyarsk research institute of agriculture of Russian Academy of Agriculture, Russia, Krasnoyarsk, Svobodnij prospect, 66
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Summary. The aim of the study – effectiveness of in vitro selection technology that involves selective media for spring barley and soft spring wheat varieties creation. Field trials were conducted in 2004-2011 at FSUE “Minino” (ordinary chernozem), at AU “Lasurnoe” (Kosul`skij region) on sod-podzolic soil with pH 4,4, in Novosibirsk region – at North-Kulunda agriculture experiment station – solonetzic soils, on fallow lands; the size of plots – 1 m2, 3-4 replications, and also in prior and competitive trials. Barley regenerants formed on acid and salt media surpassed standard variety – Krasnoyarskij 80 – in kernel percentage by 6% at optimal soil. Those from salt medium had lower plant safety till harvesting (by 3%), as well as ones formed on acid media had lower 1000 seeds weight and yield under these conditions. Regenerants surpassed Krasnoyarskij 80 variety in plant safety till harvesting by 21-27% and in yield by 18-38% at salty soil. The yield of regenerants formed on acid media was higher than those formed on salt media because of high adaptive features of the first ones. Only two regenerant varieties showed results up to Krasnoyarskij 80 variety level. SR.2-GDG-6h-949 surpassed it in plant safety till harvesting by 21% and in 1000 seeds weight by 8%. For a number of yield structure parameters wheat regenerants yielded to their parental varieties in overwetting year. The regenerants surpassed parental genotypes in height by 17-23%, plant safety till harvesting – 24-40%, main ear length – 8-24%, 1000 seeds weight – 4-12% under less moist conditions of another year. RK(Minusa)1.31 and RS(KS-1607)2.9 varieties, that stood out in yield, 1000 seeds weight and main ear length were passed to competitive trial. The presented results indicate the effectiveness of in vitro selection technology developed earlier and its prospects of practical use.
Keywords: selection, callus culture, wheat, barley, field trial.