N.V. Zobova, T.V. Onuphrienok, A.A. Chuslin
State Scientific Institution Krasnoyarsk research institute of agriculture of Russian Academy of Agriculture, Russia, Krasnoyarsk, av. Svobodny, 66
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Summary. The aim of the study was to investigate the role of prolamine polymorphism in selection of competitive spring barley varieties at the Krasnoyarsk region territory. Hordein electrophoresis was conducted in 13% starch gel under presence of 3M carbamide. Hordein spectrums were recorded as genetic formula (HRD A.B.F.). Field trials were conducted on fallow lands at forest steppe, the size of plots – 1 m2, 3-4 replications. The soil here is ordinary chernozem. It contains 4.3-5.2% of humus, middle amount of free potassium – 21.4-23.2 mg/100 g of soil, high level of free phosphorus – 3.1-3.5 mg/100 g of soil. Monitoring of prolamine spectrum of the barley varieties regional assigned in 1940-2014 in Krasnoyarsk region was conducted. High level of intervarietal (24 varieties are characterized by 18 formules) and intravarietal hordein polymorphism (7 varieties are heterogeneous in their hordeins) that are associated with subvariety of cultivar and with the place of its selection. The superiority of 2.17.3 hordein formula in sown area and period of regional assignment is based on its belonging to Krasnoyarsk varieties Kedr and Krasnoyarskiy 80. This superiority passed to Novosibirsk variety Acha with formula of 12.1.3 and is confirmed by data on new varieties that have the same formulas. The competitive of separate heterogene form biotypes that are differ in hordein formulas was evaluated while 10-years re-sowing of their equal part blends. The increase of the part of 2.17.3 and 2.1.3 biotypes (0.83 and 1.89, correspondingly) compare to variants with 2.25.1 and 2.37.1 ones (0.75 and 0.53) was detected in four-component blend (1:1:1:1). The difference were more remarkable in two-component blend of 2.17.3 and 2.1.3 biotype (1:1) – 0.26 and 1.74 correspondingly. However, 2.1.3 biotype surpassed other forms in yield and its elements only in occasional years. Thus, the most competitive under Krasniyarsk region conditions are spring barley varieties with hordein formulas of 2.17.3, 12.1.3 and 2.1.3.
Keywords: selection, spring barley, hordeins, field trials.