A.A. Artemyev
Mordovian research institute of agriculture, Russia, Republic Mordovia, Saransk, item Michurin’s street Jalga, 5
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Summary. Researches were spent on the basis of the regional Center of coordinate agriculture of the Mordovian scientific research institute of an agriculture in a field crop rotation on chernozem with the maintenance of organic substance of 7,0-7,3 %, mobile phosphorus of ground of 103,9-114,8 mg/kg, exchange potassium 133,0-143,9 mg/kg of ground and acidity 4,6-4,7. The differentiated application of fertilizers (N81P38K50) compared to their entering on traditional technology (N88P41K50) and the control (without fertilizers). Experiment is carried out for the decision of a problem of the differentiated application of fertilizers in view of diversity of fertility of ground. Researches are carried out for the sanction of a problem of the differentiated application of fertilizers in view of diversity of fertility ground. It is established, that the given technology of entering mineral туков in a field crop rotation promoted increase of its efficiency on 8 %, raised on 12 % efficiency (recoupment) of fertilizers concerning their traditional application. It has in turn given additional economic benefit due to alignment of conditions of a mineral feed, growth, development and efficiency of plants. It is revealed, that use of various technologies of application of fertilizers has not rendered essential influence on a contamination of cultures of a field crop rotation. Character of distribution of weeds in a greater degree depend on culture and its predecessor. Use pure pair has provided effect on decrease in a contamination of fields of a crop rotation to 4-th culture. Long application in a crop rotation of mineral fertilizers at all technologies promoted accumulation on 8 % of mobile phosphates and on 6-9 % exchange potassium in an arable layer concerning an initial level. The maintenance of nitrogen in ground depend on terms of sampling and the maintenance in ground of a moisture, therefore it was complex enough to trace its change. As a whole technology of the differentiated application of mineral fertilizers has not rendered negative influence on change of parameters of fertility of ground.
Keywords: a field crop rotation, efficiency of a crop rotation, technology of application of mineral fertilizers, fertility of ground.