F.V. Yeroshenko, A.A. Yeroshenko, I.G. Storchak
Stavropol Research Institute on Agriculture of Russian Academy of Agrarian Sciences, Russia, Stavropol region, Mikhaylovsk city, Nikonova Str., 49
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Summary. In article the efficacy of late nonroot nitrogen fertilizing winter wheat of different varieties depending on soil-climatic conditions is presented. Experimental work was carried out from 2006 to 2009 in the central zone of Krasnodar region and in the zone of unstable moistening of Stavropol region. It has been established that the late nonroot nitrogen fertilization in central zone of Krasnodar region increase assimilation surface area of crops and chlorophyll content in plants of winter wheat at 6,7 and 19,5%, respectively, in comparison with control variant; in the zone of unstable moistening of the Stavropol region – 9,5 and 58,4%. This, in turn, leads to an increase of surface and chlorophyll photopotentials in both soil-climatic zones. The use of later nonroot nitrogen fertilizing contributed to the increase of grain yield in average at 2,6 and 3,1 center-ha accordingly in the central zone of Krasnodar region and in the zone of unstable moistening of the Stavropol region, as well as increased levels of wet gluten by 1,4 and 2,5%, in comparison with control. Researches showed that if stocks of productive moisture in the first meter of soil in the heading phase less than 80 mm the application of this agricultureal method is not effective and even may lead to a decrease in grain yield and its quality.The greatest effect of this afromethod seen in a zone with less favorable soil-climatic conditions.
Keywords: winter wheat, varieties, soil-climatic zone, nitrogen fertilization, photosynthetic productivity, assimilating surface area, chlorophyll content, yield, grain quality.