THE PRODUCTIVITY OF MAIZE HYBRIDS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE MIDDLE URAL

S.I. Kokonov¹, A.V. Zinoviev¹, I. Sh. Fatykhov¹, V.A. Kapеev^2
1Ighevsk State Agrarian Academy, Russia, Ighevsk city, Studencheskaya Str., 11
²Michurin Agricultural Production Cooperative, Udmurt Republic, Vavozh district

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Summary. Building a solid aft base for animal husbandry makes it necessary selection the ductile and stable for yield of hybrids corn. The aim of researches is scientific justification of productivity hybrids of corn in conditions Middle Urals. Studies on studying adaptive traits, ecological plasticity and stability of hybrids of corn was performed on sod medium podzolic medium loamy soil in fodder crop rotation agricultural cooperative to them Michurina Vavozh District Udmurt Republic. Soil of test sites was characterized by an increased content of humus, with a weakly acidic exchange acidity, with a very high content of mobile phosphorus and of exchangeable potassium. Preceded of corn potatoes. Diagram of experiment consisted of hybrids Almaz, Amathus, Cascade 195, Katerina, Mashuk 150, Mashuk 170, Mashuk 175, Newton, Rodnik 179, Obskiy 140 selection of companies KWS, Russian scientific research Institute of maize and scientific production Association KOS-MAIS. Agrometeorological the conditions of growing seasons in the years carrying out research essentially differed by temperature mode and precipitation amount. The share the influence of abiotic conditions on the formation of yields dry matter of hybrids of corn made up 84%. Smallest yield 4,2-6,9 t/ha dry matter studied corn hybrids, have formed in stressful conditions 2010 at an index of environmental conditions (Ij) -6,1. In the relatively favorable terms 2013 when Ij = 5,1 corn hybrids assured the greatest gathering of dry matter 13,7-18,1 t/ha. On average With years of research corn hybrids have had considerable relative indicator of variability (V> 20%) in yield of dry matter. Hybrids Cascade 195 and Katerina are characterized by high ecological plasticity (bi = 0,80 - 0,95) and middle stability as productivity (Sd2 = 2,69-3,14). In conditions the Middle Urals lowest genetic «flexibility» possessed a Mashuk hybrid 170 by forming period average research the smallest yield 9.63 t/ha of dry matter.

Keywords: maize, hybrid, productivity, adaptability, flexibility.