I.A. Rybas, A.V. Gureeva, D.M. Marchenko
Аll-Russian Research Institute of Grain Crops of Russian Academy of Agrarian Sciences, Russia, Rostov region, Zernograd city, Nauchny gorodok Str., 3
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Summary. In Rostov region 16 cultivars and 7 lines of mild winter wheat selected in a competitive cultivar testing with different predecessors (corn for silage, clear fallow, peas and sunflower) were studied on one of productive traits – mass of 1000 seeds. In average grain size varied from 36,3 g (cultivar Don 105 with pea as predecessor) to 48,3 g (line 771/09 with corn for silage as predecessor). In the formation of grain size such factors as “cultivar” (49%), “year” (9%) and “predecessor”(5%) rendered dominant influence that allowed determining parameters of ecological plasticity. Such cultivars of mild winter wheat as Stanichnaya, Ermak, Capitan and Lilit showed their high stability of trait “mass of 1000 seeds”. Lines 488/07 and 771/09 are characterized by a high responsiveness to cultivation in different environmental conditions. In average cultivars Stanichnaya, Lidiay, Capitan, lines – 234/07 and 771/09 displayed a higher parameters of grain size, selective value and adaptability. A correlative analysis was carried out between mass of 1000 seeds and parameters of ecologic plasticity calculated with different methods to identify reliability of adaptive characteristics of cultivars regarding grain size. As the result strong positive relation was established between trait “mass of 1000 seeds” and parameters of selective value and adaptability (r=0,89…0,70 and r=0,99 ± 0,03 accordingly). The cultivar Capitan singled out on complex of parameters of selective value and adaptability and possesses high indexes of homeostasis (Hom=31,4), selective value (Sc=45,7) and adaptability (Yj=109).
Keywords: winter wheat, cultivar, mass of 1000 seeds, plasticity, stability, adaptability.