А.V. Shindelov, L.N. Korobova, A.V. Tanatova
Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, Dobrolubova Str., 160, Novosibirsk, 630039, Russia
E-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.
Summary. The article considers the aspects of formation and calculation of raw herbicides pieces of land and areas of retreatment, taking into account the pickup width and turning radius of the field unit; confirms the environmental footprint on leached chernozem near the artificial and topographical obstacles on environmental risks to microflora. Routing principles of field units designed for cereal crops in the three industrial field and two field experiments in the forest stepe zone of Priobye. Spring wheat were seeded predecessors wheat and fertilized with manure and treated with steam tank mixture dianat (norm 0,15 l/ga) and grench (10 g/ga). Oats were sown after two wheats and treated tank mixture grench (10 g/ga) and basagran (3 l/ga). Microbiological status of the soil was evaluated in terms of the dynamics of the number of 9 ecological – trophic groups, catalase, urease and proteolytic activity of variants: 1. control without herbicide treatment; 2. recommended rate of specimen; 3. excess rate of 2 times 4. excess rate of 3 times. In the areas of re-processing of crops with herbicides in 2 – 4 times decreased the number of actinomycetes and bacterias – ammonificators, fell catalase and proteolytic activity of the soil, slowed down the intensity of microbiological transformation of organic residues in humus compounds. Herbicides caused the restructuring of the taxonomic structure of the microbial community, increasing the proportion of fungi and actinomycetes bacteria oligotrophic group. Important factor controlling the depth of herbicide stress for microflora became optimal for state of agrotcenoz agrobackground. Adverse changes in the microflora of the soil after the wheat precursor detected by applying double standards herbicides after fertilized couple – three times the norm. Route optimization algorithm is proposed to reduce the spraying of environmental footprint and preserve microflora and biological activity of the soil.
Keywords: traffic route, field unit, artificial and topographical obstacles, environmental risks, impact, soil welfare.
Author Details: А.V. Shindelov, Сand. Techn. Sci., Associate Prof. (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); L.N. Korobova, Dr. Biol. Sci, Prof.; A.V. Tanatova, Doctorate.
For citation: Shindelov А.V., Korobova L.N., Tanatova A.V. Technological predisposition and environmental grounds of field units routing // Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2014. T.28. №11. pp. 22-26 (In Russ)