V.V. Myalo, E.V. Demchuk, A.S. Soyunov, D. A. Golovanov
Omsk State Agrarian University after P.A. Stolypin, Institutskaja Sq., 2, Omsk, 646008, Russia
E-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.
Summary. Yield of crops under arid agriculture conditions in Western Siberia in many respects depends on the moisture reserves accumulated in the autumn-winter period. Para-plowing is one of the effective methods of accumulation and preservation of soil moisture. It ensures favorable microporosity, improvement of water-air and infiltration modes of the surface layer of the soil, leads to a significant reduction of water and wind erosion. Slits cut at intervals of 4…10 m along the horizontal directions reduce soil erosion, contribute to the accumulation of moisture and increase in crop yields. The disadvantages of the existing tools include high draught resistance, unsatisfactory work on wet soils due to blocking by plant remains, a significant metal content and size, as well as poor performance on difficult slopes. To perform intermittent para-plowing controlled components exist. However, they require a considerable expenditure of energy to the actuator from the PTO. Designed in OSAU rotary working body eliminates some of these disadvantages. During the motion of the aggregate it revolves from the interaction of blades with the soil, leaving the intermittent furrows with different depth on the surface. The form of the furrows is cubic parabola with the maximal depth in the center and the minimal one at the inlet and outlet of the blades to the surface. This configuration allows to significantly reduce or completely restrict the flow of storm water and snowmelt. With the work of blade operating unit at the second speed of tractor MTZ-80 there were no completely fractions with size from 200 to100 mm, the fraction of particles with size from 100 to 50 mm composed 9.45 %, less than 50 mm – 90.55 %. The slit width 2.5…3 cm and the amount of stubble left on the surface after the passage of the implement (more than 60 %) correspond to the agro-technical requirements for tools for para-plowing.
Keywords: tillage, conservation of soil moisture, tools for para-plowing.
Author Details: V.V. Myalo, Cand. Sc. (Techn.), Assoc. Prof. (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); E.V. Demchuk, Cand. Sc. (Techn.), Assoc. Prof.; A.S. Soyunov, Cand. Sc. (Techn.), Assoc. Prof.; D.A. Golovanov, Cand. Sc. (Techn.), Assoc. Prof.
For citation: Myalo V.V., Demchuk E.V., Soyunov A.S., Golovanov D.A. Improvement of tools for water-saving cultivation of soil. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2015. T.29. №1. pp. 52-54 (In Russ)