E.A. Orlova, N.P. Behtol’d, I.E. Likhenko
Siberian Research Institute of Plant Production and Breeding, Krasnoobsk, P.O. Box 375, Novosibirsk region, 630501, Russia
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Summary. Those researches carried out for the purpose of study the reaction of spring barley varieties distinct at resistance to the pathogen. Under the conditions of Priobja forest steppe, there was carried out work on the infectious background field of immunity laboratory Siberian Research Institute on Plant Production and Breeding Process of Russian Academy of Agrarian Sciences in 2009-2011 years. The influence of the pathogen smut studied on such the factors such as the field germination rate, the plant height, the number of stems, the number of grains spike and the yield. The negative effect Ustilago hordei was studied on nine varieties of spring barley of the domestic breeding with different resistance to the pathogen: were resistant - Agul 2, Bagan; were weakly susceptible to the pathogen - Biom, Noktyurn, Odesskiy 115; were susceptible to the pathogen - Omskiy 88, Omskiy 95, Petr, Chelyabinets 1. As well as of the population the pathogen Ustilago hordei which was gathered in 2008 year on the infectious background field of the districted and susceptible to the pathogen varieties. Scheme of the experiment was consisted of the control (healthy seeds) and seeds of these varieties which was inoculated of the pathogen. Found the high correlation depending between healthy and infected material by the number of germinating plants (correlation coefficient 0.88). Of the resistant varieties which was inoculated of barley smut were reduced the field germination as compared with the control at 11,3%, as compared with weakly susceptible to the pathogen at 5,1 and susceptible to the pathogen at 7,9%. Plant height on the infected material in a group of the resistant varieties was less than at 4,6; weakly susceptible to the pathogen at 3,8 and susceptible to the pathogen at 4,1 cm as compared with the healthy plants. Was noted the negative impact of the pathogen on the formation of the total plant stems. On the resistant varieties lower productivity and general stems as compared with the control was 13%, for susceptible - 10 and 5%, respectively. The minimal decline showed in the middling resistant varieties- 2.2-2.3%. Losses of yield inoculated seeds at sowing amounted to 0,8 tons per hectare. Found that the varieties with varying degrees of resistance to the pathogen different to the introduction of the pathogen smut. Maximum reduction of economic and valuable characteristics pointed at resistant of the varieties.
Keywords: barley smut, barley, varieties, resistance, economically valuable characteristics.
Author Details: E.A. Orlova, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), Head of Laboratory (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); N.P. Behtol’d, Junior Researcher; I.E. Likhenko, Dr. Sc. (Agr.), Director.
For citation: Orlova E.A., Behtol’d N.P. Likhenko I.E. Impact of the pathogen barley smut under economically valuable characteristics of plants. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2015. T. 29. №3. pp. 4-6 (In Russ)