N.I. Korobeinikov, V.S. Valekzhanin, N.V. Peshkova
Altai Research Institute of Agriculture, Nauchny gorodok, 35, Barnaul city, 656910, Russia
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Summary. Taking into account that not all released in Altai Territory varieties of spring soft wheat completely meet the requirements of production in the yield level, grain quality and resistance to environmental stresses, we set a task for the period 2008-2014: to develop a range of more productive varieties of spring soft wheat of various agro-ecological morphotypes (steppe, semi-intensive and intensive), which reliably exceed the standard varieties in the grain yield. As a result of the research the basic principles of the formation of plant morphometric structure for varieties of specific ecotypes during the selection were established. For the development of varieties of steppe agro-ecotype the selection should be focused on the spike productivity, mainly on the number of grains per a spike. Developing the varieties of semi-intensive and intensive types the positive selection should be concentrated on the increase in the plant productivity, both by the increase in productivity of main spike and of additional shoots. The density of productive crops and grain size should be constantly controlled. The revealed regularities helped to raise the selection efficiency and to develop 11 high-yield varieties of spring soft wheat during the last eight years. Among them are varieties of the steppe ecotype: Altaiskaya 105, Stepnaya Volna and Stepnaya Niva, as well as semi-intensive and intensive varieties Altaiskaya 530, Altaiskaya 70, Altaiskaya 110, Sibirsky Aliyans, Apasovka, Altaiskaya Zhnitsa, Tobolskaya and Altaiskaya 75. The total sowing area of these varieties was about 1 150 000 ha in 2014 in Altai Territory.
Keywords: soft wheat, ecotype, genotypic contribution, variety, yield, grain quality.
Author Details: N.I. Korobeinikov, Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Head of Laboratory, (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); V.S. Valekzhanin, Cand. Sci. (Agr.), Senior Researcher; N.V. Peshkova, Researcher.
For citation: Korobeinikov N.I., Valekzhanin V.S., Peshkova N.V. Principles and main results of breeding of spring soft wheat in Altai territory (2007-2014). Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2015. V.29. №6. pp. 21-26 (In Russ)