V.I. Turusov, V.M. Garmashov, I.M. Kornilov, N.A. Nuzhnaya, S.A. Gavrilova
V.V. Dokuchaev Research Institute of Agriculture of the Central Chernozem Belt, kvartal 5, 81, pos. 2 Uchastka Instituta im. V.V. Dokuchaeva, Talovsky r-n, Voronezhskaya obl., 397463, Russian Federation
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Summary. The article presents the results of the studies on the influence of the main elements of farming (tillage, mineral fertilizers, herbicides and growth regulators) on the physical properties of ordinary chernozem and yield formation of winter wheat under conditions of the southeast of the Central Chernozem zone. The use of different tillage systems in a part “pea–winter wheat” of crop rotation did not significantly affect the agro-physical soil properties (density and hardness). In the spring period of the resumption of the culture vegetation it was not also found the significant difference in the content of productive moisture in the layers 0-20 and 0-100 cm. The increase in grain yield of winter wheat in the variant with moldboard cultivation at a different depth (plowing before pea and surface cultivation before winter wheat) was 0.25 t/ha against the background of the recommended dose of fertilizers (N60P60K60 during the main treatment and N30 during the period of the spring resumption of the culture vegetation) and 0.39 t/ha – with the double additional fertilizing of plants. At the combined system (chisel cultivation before pea and surface cultivation before winter wheat) with the application of the same doses of fertilizers the increase in the productivity of the crop was 0.27 and 0.34 t/ha. The use of the herbicide and plant growth regulator during the growing of plants with different treatments did not significantly affect the level of productivity. With the complex use of chemical means (fertilizer, herbicide, growth regulator) the maximal yield was obtained against the background of two cultivation systems: 2.88 t/ha at the moldboard cultivation at a different depth and 2.86 t/ha at the combined system.
Keywords: processing, winter wheat, herbicide, mineral fertilizers, growth regulator.
Author Details: V.I. Turusov, D.Sc. (Agr.), corresponding member of the RAS, director (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); V.M. Garmashov, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), head of division; I.M. Kornilov, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow; N.A. Nuzhnaya, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), senior research fellow; S.A. Gavrilova, senior research fellow.
For citation: Turusov V.I., Garmashov V.M., Kornilov I.M., Nuzhnaya N.A., Gavrilova S.A. Mineral Fertilizers, Herbicide, Growth Regulator Application against the Background of Tillage during Cultivation of Winter Wheat. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2015. T. 29. No 10. pp. 27-30 (in Russ.)