V.V. Nikitin, V.V. Navalinev
Belgorod Research Institute of Agriculture, ul. Oktyabrskaya, 58, Belgorod, 308001, Russian Federation
Summary. On typical chernozem during ten years we studied the aftereffect of mineral and organic fertilizers on the productivity and grain quality of barley and peas. The experiments were carried out in a five-field crop rotation with the following crops: sugar beet, barley, corn for silage, peas, winter wheat. Despite the fact that the plants used the aftereffect of fertilizers, the nutrient content in the soil before the growing season mainly reflected the provision of preceding crops by fertilizers. For barley in the control variant the content of nitrate nitrogen was 54 kg/ha in 1-meter layer, in the fertilized ones–64-91 kg/ha; the content of mineral nitrogen in the layer 0-30 cm was 14.2 and 15-17.5 mg/kg, respectively. The nitrification ability was 25.5 and 26.5-30.9 mg/kg, the content of mobile phosphorus–73 and 81-105 mg/kg, of mobile potassium–105 and 100-136 mg/kg. The same tendency can be noted in relation to peas. The barley productivity depended not only on the degree of fertilization, but also on weather conditions during the growing season. So, in the first rotation the provision with atmospheric precipitation was worst than in the second one. Accordingly, the grain yield in the control variants was 2.23 and 2.51 t/ha, and yield increases was higher in the second rotation, than in the first one. Pea, because of its biological characteristics, is poorly responsive to fertilizer, in any case, on chernozem soil. With the productivity 1.63 t/ha in the first rotation and 2.14 t/ha in the second one in the control variants, the increases due to the fertilizer aftereffect were 0.14-0.62 t/ha. The aftereffect of manure proved to be unreliable in both cultures. With increasing doses of fertilizers the size of barley grain and extractivity of malt decreases, malt hardness and wort color raises. Fertilizers do not significantly influence quality of pea grains.
Keywords: barley, peas, rotation, protein content, grain size, malt extractivity, malt hardness, color of wort.
Author Details: V.V. Nikitin, D. Sc. (Agr.), chief research fellow (Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); V.V. Navaline, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), deputy director.
For citation: Nikitin V.V., Navaline V.V. Influence of Long Application of Fertilizers on Productivity and Quality of Barley and Peas. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2015. V.29. No11. Pp. 62-64 (In Russ.)