M.Sh. Tagirov, R.S. Shakirov, R.M. Sabirova
Tatar Research Institute of Agriculture, Orenburgsky trakt, 48, Kazan, 420059, Russian Federation
Summary. The investigations were carried out to study the effect of fertilizers on the nutritional regime of soil and productivity of winter wheat variety Kazanskaya 560. The work was done on the Central Experimental Station of the Tatar Research Institute of Agriculture in 2010-2012 according to the conventional methods. The soil of the test plot is grey forest, heavy-loamy; the content of humus (according to Tyurin) is 3.0-3.5%, of mobile phosphorus–290-295 mg/kg, of exchange potassium according to Kirsanov–80-100 mg/kg. The experiments were carried out against two backgrounds (the main fertilizer, calculated by the balance method to 4 t/ha of grain, and azophoska at sowing in rows–100 kg/ha in physical weight). Humate fertilizer Bioplant Flora and ammonium nitrate were used as additional foliar fertilizers. Bioplant Flora was used on shoots in autumn, spring, as well as in autumn and spring at the rate of 2 l/ha; ammonium nitrate–in spring of at the rate of 150 kg/ha. Fertilizers improved the nutritional regime of the soil. The highest content of nitrogen and phosphorus was observed against the background of the main fertilizer, calculated on the yield of 4 t/ha, at the phases of leaf-tube formation–132.8 and 297.7 mg/kg and at earing–138.7 and 303.3 mg/kg of soil. This exceeds the control by 14.8 and 84.7 mg/kg and 22.1 and 53.3 mg/kg, correspondingly. The amount of exchange potassium in the soil in the fertilized variants throughout the growing season was at the level of middle provision. The highest gluten content (30.34%) of the second group of quality (gluten strain indicator is 99.3) was observed against the background of row fertilizers (azophoska 100 kg/ha) in a combination with the autumn fertilizing by Bioplant Flora–15.14% (2012). The fertilization in rows combined with the fertilizing by Bioplant Flora in autumn increased the recoupment of 1 kg of NPK fertilizer by grain up to 15.39 kg, and in fall and spring–up to 16.98 kg.
Keywords: winter wheat, fertilizer, additional fertilization, quality, yield.
Author Details: M.Sh. Tagirov, D. Sc. (Agr.), director (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); R.S. Shakirov, D. Sc. (Agr.), head of division; R.M. Sabirova, Cand. Sc (Agr.), senior research fellow.
For citation: Tagirov M.Sh., Shakirov R.S., Sabirova R.M. Influence of Fertilizers on the Dynamics of Nutrients in Soil and Productivity of Winter Wheat. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2015. V.29. No 12. Pp. 88-91 (In Russ.).