A.A. Lepekhin, V.I. Turusov
V.V. Dokuchaev Research Institute of Agriculture of the Central Chernozem Belt, kvartal 5, 81, pos. 2 Uchastka Instituta Imeni Dokuchaeva, Talovsky r-n, Voronezhskaya obl., 397463, Russian Federation
Summary. The study was carried out in 2013-2015 on the territory of Kamennaya Steppe with the use of aerospace information and pictures via modern computer programs Global mapper 14, Adobe Photoshop CS and conventional methods. The aim of the work was to prevent the reduction of arable land. With the age of protective forest plantations their width increases by 15-30 m and more. The area of the 100-hectare field is reduced by 6-12 ha. Uncultivated fields are overgrown with wood and shrub vegetation at three stages: the first is characterized by gradual advance of forest on the field due to the growth of tree tops; the second stage is the overgrowth of uncultivated plots with wood vegetation (dense, self-seeding trees and shrubs); the third stage is a rare self-seeding of trees and shrubs. The first stage completely depends on agronomic and forestry activities. The advance of the forest on fields could be gradual and stepwise. Gradual development of arable land is due to the increase in the tree tops in outside rows of the planting. Step-by-step development of the edge of the field is inherent to the trees tended to phototropism. When the upper level of the planting is occupied by larger trees, smaller trees grow atilt and even horizontally (ash-leaved maple, red ash-tree, etc.). With the tree growth the next step occurs. To reduce the width of the edges it is necessary to create a barrier from column-like or pyramidal forms of trees or to create hedges from tall shrubs (alycha, arborvitae, shadberry, hazel, golden currant, etc.) and dwarf trees. Wide edge from trees and shrubs should be removed during fellings. Fields must be processed close to the forest zone.
Keywords: forest belts, growth of edges, stages of overgrowing of unused plots, limiting of the width of plantations.
Author Details: A.A. Lepekhin, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), leading research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); V.I. Turusov, D. Sc. (Agr.), corresponding member of the RAS, director.
For citation: Lepekhin A.A., Turusov V.I. Process of Advance of Forest Plantations on Fields, Its Cause and Methods of the Elimination. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2016. Vol. 30. No 1. Pp. 18-20 (in Russ.).