V.A. Lykhman1,2, O.S. Bezuglova1,2, A.V. Gorovtsov1,2, E.A. Polienko1
1Don Zonal Research Institute of Agriculture, ul. Institutskaya 1, pos. Rassvet, Aksajsky r-n, Rostovskaya obl., 346735, Russian Federation
2D.I. Ivanovsky Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, prospekt Stachky, 194/1, Rostov-na-Donu, 344090, Russian Federation
Summary. The purpose of the research was to study the influence of application methods of humic preparations on the structure and biological activity of typical carbonate chernozem. The studies were carried out in a small plot (25 m2) experiment (2009-2012) and industrial test (2013-2015.). The small plot experiment was carried out in six-fold replication according to the design: the control; the background (liquid complex fertilizer); the background + lingo-humate (foliar application); the background + lingo-humate (soil application). The crops were winter wheat and spring barley. The design of the industrial test on the area of 48 hectares: the background (diammophoska, additional application of ammonium nitrate); the background + seed treatment with BIO-Don; the background + preplant soil treatment with BIO-Don; the background + 2-fold foliar treatment of crops with BIO-Don (at the stages of stem elongation and ear formation); the background + preplant soil treatment with BIO-Don + 2-fold foliar treatment of crops with BIO-Don (the same phases). The culture was winter wheat. The solutions for soil and plant treatment were aligned according to the concentration of humic acids: 0.01% solutions for soil treatment, and 0.001% solutions for plant treatment. The monitored indicators were humus content according to Tyurin’s method, the state of soil structure by Savvinov’s method and water stability of soil aggregates by Andrianov’s method. The population of microorganisms was determined by plating on solid nutrient medium. Humic substances have a positive impact on the soil structure regardless of the application method; the most effective is the treatment of soil. The correlation coefficient showed a direct middle connection between the structural coefficient and humus content (r = 0.536), catalase activity (r = 0.51), number of bacteria, using nitrogen and living on soil organic matter (r = 0.57-0.60) and a direct strong connection with the number of actinomycetes (r = 0.7). The water resistance factor has a strong direct relationship with invertase activity (r = 0.704). The stimulating effect of humates on the biological activity of soil is one of the reasons for improving the structural state of the soil.
Keywords: humic preparations, typical carbonate chernozem, structure of soil, microorganisms.
Author Details: V.A. Lykhman, junior research fellow, post-graduate student (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); O.S. Bezuglova, D. Sc. (Biol.), prof., chief research fellow; A.V. Gorovtsov, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), leading research fellow; E.A. Polienko, head of analytic center.
For citation: Lykhman V.A., Bezuglova O.S., Gorovtsov A.V., Polienko E.A. Influence of Humic Preparations on Structural State and Biological Activity of Typical Carbonate Chernozem. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2016. Vol. 30. No 2. Pp. 16-20 (in Russ.).