I.D. Davlyatshin1, M.I. Mametov2
1Center of Agrochemical Service «Tatarskii», ul. Orenburgskii trakt, 120, Kazan’, 420059, Russian Federation
2Station of Agrochemical Service « Al’met’evskaya», ul. M. Dzhalilya, 11, Al’met’evsk, Respublika Tatarstan, 423450, Russian Federation
Summary. Trans-Kama region of the Republic of Tatarstan specializes on the production of commercial grain of spring wheat with rather good baking qualities. The region is located in the center belt of the forest-steppe zone; meadow-steppe chernozems (64%) in combination with gray forest soils (up to 27.6%) predominated in the soil cover. According to the granulometric composition heavy-loamy and light-clay soil types, optimal for grain crops, prevail. On the basis of the accumulated information the agrochemical state is evaluated on the degree of soil provision with mobile forms of phosphorus and potassium according to cycles of agrochemical surveys in 1965-2013. It was registered the increase in the content of mobile forms of phosphorus from 89.0 to 130.5 mg/kg of soil, which is correspond to the positive balance of this element during the period of the study. The provision of soil with exchange potassium varies in the rage of 120.7-135.1 mg/kg with the maximum in the V cycle (1992-1996) during the period of intensive chemicalization. Such changes are observed under conditions of the total negative balance of exchange potassium during the survey, which indicates the supplement of its mobile pool from the gross forms during the decomposition of rocks and minerals. In the first years of the survey the saturation of arable land by mineral fertilizers was relatively low; it reaches the maximal values in the IV cycle. After that it varied on the level of 60-66 kg/ha a.s. In all years organic fertilizers were used less than mineral ones; and the dynamics of its application in cycles was analogues. The content of mobile phosphorus and potassium reliably positively correlated with productivity of spring wheat. Higher correlation coefficients between the content of mobile phosphorus and wheat productivity give evidence that this element is in the first minimum under condition of the experiment.
Keywords: mobile phosphorus, exchange potassium, meadow-steppe chernozems, correlation, productivity of spring wheat.
Author Details: I.D. Davlyatshin, D.Sc. (Biol.), chief agrochemist (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); M.I. Mametov, director (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.).
For citation: : Davlyatshin I.D., Mametov M.I. Agrochemical State of Arable Lands, Fertilizers and Productivity of Spring Wheat in the Forest-Steppe of Trans-Kama Region of the Republic of Tatarstan. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2016. V.30. No 3. Pp. 33-35 (In Russ.).