K.A. Pshechenkov, A.V. Smirnov
All-Russian Research Institute on Potatoes Production, ul. Lorkha, 23, Lubereckiy r-n, Moskovskaya obl., 140051, Russian Federation
Summary. The article presents the results of the study of seven technology variants of soil preparation in combination with three methods of mineral fertilizer application. Type of soil is sod-podzol loamy one. The investigation was carried out at the farm “Niva” in Tejkovo district of Ivanovo region. To do the work according to listed variants it was used disc hoeing plough, reversible plough, rotary cultivator, four-row planters KSM-4 and KSM-4G, the cultivator for preplant tillage, cultivator KRN-4,2 for fertilizer application in the ridges during their cutting, the spreader of mineral fertilizers. Care activity, protecting technology, pre-harvesting removal of tops and harvesting with a combine were the same in all variants. Potato variety Udacha was planted and harvested during 2-3 days. During the growing season phenological and biometrical observations were performed. Before harvesting it was determined biological yield, and after harvesting – actual yield of potatoes. Among all variants the greatest yield was obtained in the variant with local application of mineral fertilizers during ridging (53.8 t/ha). Rotary tillage in the spring before ridging reduced the yield on 8.1 t/ha. Spreading of mineral fertilizers in the dose of 800 kg/ha showed almost the same yield in comparison with the variant of fertilizer application into ridges (52.3 t/ha), but required two times more fertilizers and fuel (55.5 l/ha versus 38.5 l/ha). The lowest fuel consumption (15 l/ha) was registered in the variant with spring cultivation only, but the yield was lower (44.4 t/ha). The quality of harvester's work was not dependent on the technology of soil preparation.
Keywords: potatoes, technology of loamy soil tilling, method of fertilizer application, yield, consumption of POL, quality of harvester work, profit.
Author Details: K.A. Pshechenkov, D. Sc. (Agr.), head of group (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); A.V. Smirnov, post-graduate student.
For citation: Pshechenkov K.A., Smirnov A.V. Optimization of Soil Preparation Technology and Method of Mineral Fertilizers Application for Potatoes. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2016. V.30. No. 3. Pp. 30-32 (In Russ.).