P.A. Chekmarev1, P.V. Prudnikov2
1Ministry of Agriculture of Russia, Orlikov pereulok, 1/11, Moskva, 107139, Russian Federation
2Center of Chemicals and Agricultural Radiology «Bryanskii», ul. Sportivnaya, 1, pos. Michurinskii, Bryanskii r-n, Bryanskaya obl., 241524, Russian Federation
Summary. The study analyses the state and dynamics of agrochemical indicators of fertility of agricultural soils in Bryansk region; it was given the economic and radiological estimation of application of new complex fertilizers. In 2015 the content of organic matter (humus) in arable soils was 2.06% on the whole over the region. The maximal value of this index is characteristic for Karachev (3.03%), Komarichi (2.83%) and Bryansk (2.78%) districts, the minimal one – for Surazh (1.47%) and Dyatkovo (1.57%) districts. On January 1, 2016 acid soils (pH 4.1-5.5) in Bryansk region occupied 409,600 ha or 38% of the inspected arable lands. Highly acid soils occupies only 32,800 ha or 3%. Weighted mean acidity of arable lands (pH) in 2015 was 5.70, which is considerably above the initial acidity (5.11) in 1970. The weighted mean content of phosphorus in the region is 160 mg/kg and varies from 80 mg/kg in Surazh district to 222 mg/kg in Trubchevsk region. Soils with lower phosphorus content (less than 100 mg/kg) occupy 314,200 ha or 29% of arable lands. The greatest fraction of arable lands with such value of this index is characteristic for Surazh, Krasnogorsk and Mglin districts. The fraction of soils with lower content of K2O as a whole in the region increased from 66% in 2011 to 73% in 2015. The efficiency of mineral fertilizer application was calculated. In comparison with traditional agrochemical measures (liming, phosphorization, potassium application) the use of the complex fertilizer “Brophoska granulated” is an economically profitable agro-method. Its application makes it possible to decrease the influx of Cesium-137 in plants and to ensure the production of agricultural products, which corresponds to the standards of radiation safety.
Keywords: soil fertility, structure of agricultural lands, liming, phosphorization, potassium application, borophoska granulated, effectiveness of chemicalization means.
Author Details: P.A. Chekmarev, member of the RAS, D. Sc. (Agr.), director of division, P.V. Prudnikov, D. Sc. (Agr.), director (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.).
For citation: Chekmarev P.A., Prudnikov P.V. Agrochemical and Agroecological State of Soils, Efficiency of Application of Chemicalization Means and New Complex Fertilizers in Bryansk Region. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2016. V.30. No. 7. Pp. 24-33 (in Russ.).