PRODUCTIVITY AND GRAIN QUALITY OF MONOCULTURE AND MIXED CROPS OF PEA AT APPLICATION OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS

I.L. Bezgodova¹, N.Y. Konovalova¹, E.N. Pryadilshcnikova¹, G.G. Blagoveschenskaya², A.A. Zavalin^2
1North-West Research Institute of the Diary and Meadow-Pasture Farming, ul. Lenina, 14, Molochnoye, Vologda, 160555, Russian Federation
²All-Russian Research Institute of Agrochemistry named after D. N. Pryanishnikov, ul. Pryanishnikova, 31 a, Moskva, 127550, Russian Federation

Summary. Studies were conducted at the experimental field of the North-Western Research Institute of Dairy and Meadow-and-Pasture Economy in 2012-2014 on sod-podzol medium loamy soil to assess the effect of different doses of mineral fertilizers on productivity of new varieties of field pea Vologodsky Usaty when growing it as monoculture (with seeding rates 1.2 and 1.4 million viable seeds/ha) and as mixed crops with oat and barley (seeding rates are 40/60% and 60/40%). The studied agrotechnical technique significantly increases the yield of pea up to 2.47 t/ha of grain in monoculture and to 2.99 t/ha in mixed crops, has a stimulating effect on accumulation of symbiotic nitrogen in the harvest of pea, allows obtaining of food with middle and high content of digestible protein (89.5-142.0 g/feed unit) and metabolizable energy (12.0-12.9 MJ/kg), raises the output of crude protein (up to 0.62 t/ha), promotes accumulation of plant residues (up to 7.3 t/ha) in the arable soil layer and total and biological nitrogen in plant residues (by 8-31%). The cultivation of pea as monoculture is inferior to the binary mixtures in the yield (2.22-2.47 t/ha vs. 2.30-2.99 t/ha), but surpasses them in the output of raw (0.52-0.62 t/ha vs. 0.39-0.51 t/ha) and digestible (0.39-0.47 vs. 0.28-0.40 t/ha) protein, accumulation of organic matter in the soil in the form of plant residue and straw plowed (6.41-7.2 t/ha vs. 5.6-7.0 t/ha) and nitrogen in it, both general (52.8-82.3 kg/ha vs. 12.6-29.5 kg/ha) and biological (25.4-39.5 kg/ha vs. 6.1-14.2 kg/ha). In mixed cenosis the best results were observed when growing pea with oat; with application of N30P30K45 the yield of this mixture reaches 3 t/ha with the content of 114 g digestible protein per 1 fodder unit.

Keywords: pea, barley, oat, mixed crops, mineral fertilizers, yield, protein, biological nitrogen.

Author Details: I.L. Bezgodova, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), senior research fellow (е-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); N.Y. Konovalova, head of division; E.N. Pryadilshcnikova, research fellow; G.G. Blagoveschenskaya, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), leading research fellow; A.A. Zavalin, D.Sc. (Agr.), head of laboratory.

For citation: Bezgodova I.L., Konovalova N.Y., Pryadilshcnikova E.N., Blagoveschenskaya G.G., Zavalin A.A. Productivity and Grain Quality of Monoculture and Mixed Crops of Pea at Application of Mineral Fertilizers. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2016. Vol. 30. No. 7. Pp. 75-79 (in Russ).