L.V. Omel’yanuk, A.M. Asanov
Siberian Research Institute of Agriculture, prosp. Koroleva, 26, Omsk, 644012, Russian Federation
Summary. The studies were carried out in 1988-2015 to develop high-yield producible pea varieties for Western Siberia, resistant to abiotic stresses and having the best seed biochemical characteristics. The soil of the test plot was leached medium thick heavy loamy chernozem. The field and laboratory experiments were carried out according to the conventional techniques. By using the methods of hybridization and individual selection it was developed pea varieties with a tendril leaf type which were included in the State Register of Selection Achievements of the Russian Federation: Omskii 9 (2000; Region 10); Demos (2003; Region 10), Blagovest (2008; Region 10), and Zaural'skii 3 (2012; Region 9); the Kasib variety was developed in the Republic of Kazakhstan in 2014 (in collaboration with the TOO “A.I. Barayev Scientific and Production Center of Grain Growing”). The varieties Omskii 18 (in 2014) and Omskii 19 (in 2016) were transferred for the State Variety Testing of the Russian Federation. Combining ability of the sample depends on the genotype and its response to the environmental conditions. Only the genetic systems that determine the stem length reveal stability. Additive genetic effects (GCA) mainly contribute to the variability of the elements of yield structure. The dominance and overdominance effects (SCA) have their advantages: consistently in the inheritance of stem length and seed weight per plant; and with sufficient moisture during the growing season – in pod and seed number per plant and thousand seed weight. The nuclear-plasma relations (RE) under the optimum conditions are greatly significant in the determination of the number of nodes below the 1st pod and the number of productive nodes; under wet conditions – in the inheritance of the number of seeds per pod and per plant, the number of pods and seed weight per plant. The increased resistance of pea to lodging is caused by the tendril leaf type, but it can decrease considerably with the high productivity, especially, in very moist years.
Keywords: Pisum sativum L., breeding, variety model, tendril leaf type, donor, high yielding capacity, processability.
Author Details: L.V. Omel’yanuk, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow (е-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); A.M. Asanov, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), head of laboratory.
For citation: Omel’yanuk L.V., Asanov A.M. Basis of Pea Breeding in the Siberian Research Institute of Agriculture. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2016. Vol. 30. No. 10. Pp. 86-89 (in Russ.).