O.V. Mochalova, D.A. Gusev
Lisavenko Research Institute of Horticulture for Siberia, ul. Zmeinogorskii trakt, 49, Barnaul, 656045, Russian Federation
Summary. The aim of this study is to develop polyploid clonal lines of hybrid triploids of frutescent cherry and selected forms of Bessey cherry by optimization in vitro conditions. The objects for the research were original triploid genotypes, bred at the Central Siberian Botanical Garden from crosses of frutescent cherry (Prunus fruticosa Pall.) with rare East-Asiatic cherry species (P. canescens Bois, P. serrulata Lindl., P. incise Thunb.). Two diploid and one triploid selected forms of Bessey cherry (P. pumila L.), bred at the M.A. Lisavenko Research Institute of Horticulture of Siberia, were also used. Initial explants were sterilized by the chlorine-containing preparation “Domestos”. Cherry was cultivated on modified Murashige and Skoog medium with polyvitaminic complex “Undevit”, 2 mcM 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BAP) and 0.2 mcM naphthyl acetic acid (NAA). Bessey cherry was cultivated on Quoirin and Lepoivre medium with 2 mcM 6-BAP and 0.2 mcM beta-indolebutyric acid (IBA). For rooting of both cultures, 2mcM IBA was added in media. Trifluraline and colchicine amitotic agents were investigated within 0.005-0.02% concentration range. Explants were exposed for 14 days. The 0.005% trifluraline enabled to obtain up to 17.5% of viable cherry explants and up to 70.0% of Bessey cherry explants. For colchicines concentration of 0.01% these values were 65.0% and 98.2%, respectively. To obtain polyploids the optimal concentrations are 0.01% for trifluraline and 0.02% for colchicine. Adapted ex vitro tetraploid (for Bessey cherry) and hexaploid (for frutescent cherry and Bessey cherry) clonal lines were developed. Ploidy level was estimated by means of indirect morphological features analysis and direct chromosome count in cells of meristem. Polyploids are characterized by slower development, denser and darker tissues, leaf line winding, thick stems and roots, low rooting capacity. Seventeen hexaploid clone lines of hybrids of frutescent cherry and 107 presumably tetraploid clone lines of Bessey cherry were planted under field conditions.
Keywords: frutescent cherry, Bessey cherry, remote hybrid, induced polyploid, trifluraline, colchicine, in vitro culture.
Author Details: O.V. Mochalova, D. Sc. (Biol.), head of laboratory (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); D.A. Gusev, research fellow.
For citation: Mochalova O.V., Gusev D.A. Induction of Polyploidy for Frutescent Cherry and Bessey Cherry by in vitro Culture. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2016. V. 30. No. 9. Pp. 36-39 (in Russ.).