S.I. Mukhametshina, E.F. Vafina, I.S. Fatykhov
Izhevsk State Agricultural Academy, ul. Kirova, 16, Izhevsk, Udmurtskaya Republika, 426069, Russian Federation
Summary. The investigations were carried out in 2014-2015 in order to determine the optimal dates of desiccation and harvesting of spring rape for seeds under conditions of the Middle Urals. The soil of the experimental plots was sod-middle podzol, medium loamy, medium cultured. The design of the test included desiccants Basta (water solution) at the dose of 150 g/l (control); Reglon Super (water solution) at the dose of 150 g/l; desiccation date – when 45-55 %, 55-65 %, and 65-75 % (control) of pods have grown brown; the date of single-phase harvesting in 5-7, 10-12, 15-17, 20-22 days after desiccation. The average yield of seeds in the variants of the experiment was at the level of 557 (2014) and 884 kg/ha (2015). There was not registered a difference in the value of this index in the variants with desiccants Basta and Reglon Super; the greatest yield was formed at the processing at the phase 65-75 % brown pods. The difference in the yield between variants with different time of desiccation and harvesting is due to the changes in the elements of its structure. The desiccation by Reglon Super promoted the decrease in seed moisture to a greater extent than by Basta. The strong direct correlation of the productivity with the thousand grain weight (r = 0.84), the weight of seeds from one plant (r = 0.96), plant height (r = 0.68), a number of pods (r = 0.82) and seeds (r = 0.93) on a plant, a number of seeds per pod (r = 0.86) was revealed over harvesting dates. At the later dates of desiccation, it was observed a greater fat content (48 %) in seeds.
Keywords: rape, seed yield, yield structure, desiccants, Basta, Reglon Super, mass fraction of fat, yield of fat.
Author Details: S.I. Mukhametshina, post graduate student (е-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); E.F. Vafina, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), assoc. prof.; I.S. Fatykhov, D. Sc. (Agr.), prof.
For citation: Mukhametshina S.I., Vafina E.F., Fatykhov I.S. Productivity of Spring Rape with Different Dates of Desiccation and Harvest. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2016. Vol. 30. No. 11. Pp. 33-38 (in Russ.).