S.N. Khabarov, A.A. Kanarskii
M.A. Lisavenko Research Institute of Horticulture for Siberia, Zmeinogorskii trakt, 49, Barnaul, 656045, Russian Federation
Summary. Active expansion of the areas under sea-buckthorn in the south of Western Siberia is restrained by low labor productivity at manual harvesting (in total, expenditure costs for harvesting process reach 65-70 %). As a result of practical trials on examination of more than 50 variety samples of sea-buckthorn, it was possible to select promising forms, available for fruit harvesting with the help of berry-harvesting machine of the line type. The best complex of machine harvesting requirements is combined in 204-90-1 sample. It possesses optimum physical and mechanical properties of fruits and crown habitus indices that give a possibility to ensure the completeness of removal at the level of 84 % on the average over 3 years. In 2015 it was decided to transfer the variety to State variety trials. Successful solution of the harvesting problem by the method of cutting bearing branches became possible after long survey works, in the course of which a new system of crown formation has been developed. Conduction of cutting timely allows decreasing of habitus growth indices 1.2-1.4 times. It provides a more successful machine cutting of bearing branches. On the average, over the years of researches at the location of branches according to a diagram 4.0 x 1.0 m, 1.8 t/ha of fruits as well as 0.2-0.8 t/ha of dry leaves and wood were received, which can be realized in the market. Introduction into the production of two selected types of machine harvesting of sea-buckthorn leads to acceleration of commercial cultivation principles and will ensure the growth of commercial plantations of this important horticultural crop of Western Siberia.
Keywords: sea-buckthorn, harvesting, berry-harvesting combine, cutting of fruit-bearing branches, productivity, economic efficiency.
Author Details: S.N. Khabarov, D. Sc. (Agr.), member of the RAS, chief research fellow; A.A. Kanarskii, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), director of the center of industrial technologies (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.).
For citation: Khabarov S.N., Kanarskii A.A. Mechanical Harvesting of Sea-Buckthorn as the Basis of Commercial Horticulture in the South of Western Siberia. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2016. V.30. No. 11. Pp. 63-65 (in Russ.).