V.P. Netsvetaev, L.S. Bondarenko, T.A. Ryzhkova, O.V. Akinshina
Belgorod Research Institute of Agriculture, ul. Oktyabr’skaya, 58, Belgorod, 308001, Russian Federation
Summary. The chromosomes, responsible for the genetic control of isozymes of beta-amylase, were determined as a consequence of the analysis of the generation F2 from the crossing of Pyrotrix variety with near isogenic lines of Novosibirskaya 67 variety. Separation of the beta-amylases was performed in Tris-glycine polyacrylamide gel system (pH 8.3). The chromosome 5AL was marked by B1b1 genetic factor (awnlessness vs. beardedness) to identify β-Amy-A1 locus. To determine β-Amy-D1 locus the chromosome 4DL was marked by Rht 2 gene. Beta-amylase of Pyrotrix variety were separated into three areas of activity, denoted by symbols from A to C and D in accordance with the increase in their mobility. The spectrum of beta-amylases of Novosibirskaya 67 was poor and was in the mobility zone B. The dual component A of beta-amylase of Pyrotrix is controlled by β-Amy-A1 locus, at a distance of (13.70 ± 3.37) % of recombination from B1b1 (awnlessness vs. beardedness) of 5AL chromosome. The locus, controlling the most mobile dual component D of Pyrotrix, showed linkage of (38.89 ± 4.75) % of recombination with Rht 2 gene, responsible for the growth of plants. Component B was is under the digenic control and showed a value of linkage of beta-amylase factor with Rht 2 gene of (33.40 ± 10.31) % of recombination. Component D of Pyrotrix variety is controlled by β-Amy-D1locus, located on chromosome 4DL. The investigation of homozygous population F → ∞ 24/04 X of winter soft wheat Odesskaya Krasnokolosaya according to the variants of beta-amylase and aggregating ability of kernel peptides with the help of disulfide bonds showed, that zymograms of beta-amylase of 24/04 sample and Pyrotrix variety are identical. Analysis of a number of -S-S- bonds of five wheat genotypes in 2013, differing by zymotypes of beta-amylase showed that some of them are quite different from the others by the value of this indicator. In general, the samples, grouped by zymotypes of this enzyme, formed the following row according to the aggregation ability: I > B > F > D > G or 59.13 ± 3.18 > 56.65 ± 2.46 > 52.54 ± 2.24 > 50.16 ± 1.67 > 48.63 ± 6.25 su. The yield of wheat was significantly affected by the presence of β-Amy-A1 Ok allele. The height of plants was positively influenced by β-Amy-D1 Pyr allele.
Keywords: soft wheat, -S-S- bonds, homozygous population, β-amylase isozymes, linkage of genes, chromosome control, Pyrotrix variety, quantitative attributes.
Author Details: V.P. Netsvetaev, D.Sc. (Biol.), head of laboratory (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); L.S. Bondarenko, junior research fellow; T.A. Ryzhkova, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), research fellow; O.V. Akinshina, junior research fellow.
For citation: Netsvetaev V.P., Bondarenko L.S., Ryzhkova T.A., Akinshina O.V. Genetics of Beta-Amylase Isozymes and Quantitative Attributes of Soft Wheat. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2016. V.30. No. 12. Pp. 5-9 (in Russ.).