M.S. Shakirzyanova
Ulyanovsk Research Institute of Agriculture, ul. Institutskaya, 19, pos. Timiryazevsky, Ulyanovsky r-n, Ulyanovskaya obl., 433315, Russian Federation
Summary. The aim of the study was to ecologically examine 13 varieties of pea. The work was carried at the fields of Ulyanovsk Agricultural Research Institute in 2012-2014. Meteorological conditions during the years of investigation were different. In general, the year 2013 was the most suitable for the formation of yield. Crops were placed after spring oat. The soil was leached chernozem, medium humic, medium thick, heavy loamy. The thickness of the humus horizon was 0.79 m; the humus content was 5.2 %. Plants were harvest by combine harvester SAMPO-130 by the method of complete threshing. Then values were calculated for 14 % of humidity and 100 % of physical purity. The material for the research was pea varieties, zoned in the 7th region, of the leafless and leaflet morphotypes: Samarius, Flagman 12, Fokor, Dudar', Tan, Venets, Varis, Vatan, Madonna, Ul'yanovets, Ukaz, Kazanets, Talovets 70. We studied the following characteristics: the number of productive nodes, weight of seeds, number of beans and seeds per plant and productive unit, weight of 1000 seeds, number of seeds per legume. Leaflet varieties Dudar' and Ul'yanovets were distinguished by productivity (weight of seeds per plant): 4.0 and 3.5 g/plants, respectively. The greatest number of productive nodes was noted in varieties Dudar' (2.4) and Ukaz (2.4). Dudar' variety was selected from the leaflet types and Madonna variety – from the leafless ones according to the number of seeds per plant on the average over the years of the study. The value of this sign was 18.3 and 16.1 seeds/plant, respectively. According to the plumpness of beans, it was selected varieties Flagman 12 (4.6 seeds/legume) and Ul'yanovets (4.7 seeds/legume). Varieties Venets and Ul'yanovets are characterized by large seeds (245.2 and 246.9 g, correspondingly). Varieties Talovets 70, Ukaz, Dudar', Madonna are highly responsive to the cultivation conditions and they pertain to high plastic forms. The coefficient of linear regression for them is more than one (bi is more than 1). Varieties Tan (bi = 0.39), Venets (bi = 0.51), Ul'yanovets (bi = 0.87), Samarius (bi = 0.91) are less responsive to growing conditions.
Keywords: variety, pea, yield, productivity, ecological plasticity.
Author Details: M.S. Shakirzyanova, head of laboratory (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.).
For citation: Shakirzyanova M.S. Productivity and Ecological Plasticity of Pea Varieties in the Ecological Variety Test. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2016. V.30. No. 12. Pp. 28-30 (in Russ.).